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The latency stage involves few or no symptoms and can last anywhere from two weeks to twenty years or more, depending on the individual. AIDS, the final stage of HIV infection, is defined by low CD4+ T cell counts (fewer than 200 per μL), various opportunistic infections, cancers, and other conditions.
Although unaffected by the pathogen, carriers can transmit it to others or develop symptoms in later stages of the disease. Asymptomatic carriers play a critical role in the transmission of common infectious diseases such as typhoid , HIV , C. difficile , influenzas, cholera , tuberculosis, and COVID-19 , [ 2 ] although the latter is often ...
HIV can also disseminate by direct transmission from one cell to another by a process of cell-to-cell spread. [96] [97] The hybrid spreading mechanisms of HIV contribute to the virus' ongoing replication against antiretroviral therapies. [95] [98] Two types of HIV have been characterized: HIV-1 and HIV-2. HIV-1 is the virus that was originally ...
About 70-80% of people infected with HIV will experience symptoms during the seroconversion period within about two to four weeks, primarily associated with a high viral load and the immune system's acute response to the infection. [25] These symptoms can last for anywhere from a couple of days to several weeks. Some people have no symptoms at all.
So an HIV infected individual can show no symptoms and unwittingly infect other susceptible individuals for many years. In COVID-19, the infectious period begins approximately 2 days before the onset of symptoms and 44% of the secondary infections may happen during this pre-symptomatic stage. [5]
Two types of HIV have been characterized: HIV-1 and HIV-2. HIV-1 is the virus that was initially discovered and termed both lymphadenopathy associated virus (LAV) and human T-lymphotropic virus 3 (HTLV-III). HIV-1 is more virulent and more infective than HIV-2, [20] and is the cause of the majority of HIV infections globally. The lower ...
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