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Arabs, Arab diaspora Arabs in the Netherlands ( Dutch : Arabieren in Nederland ; Arabic : العرب في هولندا ), also Arab Dutch ( Arabische Nederlanders ) or Dutch Arabs ( Nederlandse Arabieren ), are citizens or residents of the Netherlands whose ancestry traces back to the Arab world .
The majority of Muslims in the Netherlands belong to the Sunni denomination. [3] Many reside in the country's four major cities: Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague and Utrecht. The early history of Islam in the Netherlands can be traced back to the 16th century, when a small number of Ottoman merchants
In the early 21st century, religious tensions between native Dutch people and migrant Muslims have increased in some areas. The popular politician Pim Fortuyn provoked controversy by defending the Dutch liberal culture against what he considered a "backward religion", conservative Islam. [20] Stricter immigration laws were enacted.
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"I know my friends from the street," a 2002 Verweij-Jonker Institute report on leisure time of Dutch Turks and Dutch Moroccans, stated that Dutch Moroccans tend to make few new contacts from the street, tend to spend leisure time with members of the same ethnicity and sex, and have leisure activities heavily influenced by "Moroccan culture". [18]
In 2015, 4.9% of the Dutch population were Muslims. [2] The majority of Muslims in the Netherlands belong to the Sunni denomination, with a sizeable Shia minority. Muslim numbers began to rise after the 1960s as the result of immigration. Some migrants from former Dutch colonies, such as Suriname and Indonesia, are Muslim.
Arabs in Europe have a history beginning with the Umayyad Caliphate, which conquered the Iberian Peninsula, including what is now Spain and Portugal, in 711 AD. Other Arabs occupied the Italian island of Sicily from 831 to 1072. Arabs were later expelled from those domains after the Reconquista and the Catholic Church's Inquisition of
Muslims in Britain or the Netherlands hear that their culture is backward, that Western culture is superior, and that they are obliged to adopt it. In turn, defensive reactions [ 30 ] include an increased self-identification as "Muslims", and adoption of Islamic dress by women and "Islamic" beards by men.