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  2. Social effects of evolutionary theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_effects_of...

    The theory of evolution by natural selection has also been adopted as a foundation for various ethical and social systems, such as social Darwinism, an idea that preceded the publication of The Origin of Species, popular in the 19th century, which holds that "the survival of the fittest" (a phrase coined in 1851 by Herbert Spencer, [1] 8 years before Darwin published his theory of evolution ...

  3. Cultural evolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_evolution

    Cultural evolution is an evolutionary theory of social change. It follows from the definition of culture as "information capable of affecting individuals' behavior that they acquire from other members of their species through teaching, imitation and other forms of social transmission". [1] Cultural evolution is the change of this information ...

  4. Sociocultural evolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociocultural_evolution

    All those factors push the evolution of a given society in several directions at the same time; hence the application of the term "multilinear" to his theory of evolution. Marshall Sahlins, co-editor with Elman Service of Evolution and Culture (1960), divided the evolution of societies into 'general' and 'specific'. [70]

  5. Ecological-evolutionary theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological-evolutionary_theory

    Ecological-evolutionary theory (EET) is a sociological theory of sociocultural evolution that attempts to explain the origin and changes of society and culture. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Key elements focus on the importance of natural environment and technological change . [ 3 ]

  6. Evolutionary ecology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_ecology

    The implications of this model include a rapid increase in environmental ecologists' understanding of how spatial scales impact species diversity in a certain environment. [ 4 ] Another model is Law and Diekmann's 1996 models on mutualism , which is defined as a relationship between two organisms that benefits both individuals. [ 5 ]

  7. Introduction to evolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introduction_to_evolution

    Evolution provides the field of biology with a solid scientific base. The significance of evolutionary theory is summarised by Theodosius Dobzhansky as "nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution." [78] [79] Nevertheless, the theory of evolution is not static. There is much discussion within the scientific community ...

  8. Coevolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coevolution

    The theoretical underpinnings of coevolution are now well-developed (e.g., the geographic mosaic theory of coevolution), and demonstrate that coevolution can play an important role in driving major evolutionary transitions such as the evolution of sexual reproduction or shifts in ploidy.

  9. Evolution as fact and theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution_as_fact_and_theory

    Professor of biology Jerry Coyne sums up biological evolution succinctly: [3]. Life on Earth evolved gradually beginning with one primitive species – perhaps a self-replicating molecule – that lived more than 3.5 billion years ago; it then branched out over time, throwing off many new and diverse species; and the mechanism for most (but not all) of evolutionary change is natural selection.