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Postmodern philosophy is a philosophical movement that arose in the second half of the 20th century as a critical response to assumptions allegedly present in modernist philosophical ideas regarding culture, identity, history, or language that were developed during the 18th-century Age of Enlightenment.
Postmodernism is more fully understood by observing its effects in such diverse fields as law, education, urban planning, religious studies, politics and many others. [166] Its influence varies widely across disciplines, reflecting the extent to which postmodern theories and ideas have been integrated into actual practices.
Various schools of philosophy, such as existentialism, pragmatism, Marxism, postmodernism, and feminism, have developed their own perspective on the main issues of education. [ 6 ] [ 11 ] [ 5 ] They often include normative theories about how education should or should not be practiced and are in most cases controversial.
Postmodernity is a condition or a state of being associated with changes to institutions and creations [8] and with social and political results and innovations, globally but especially in the West since the 1950s, whereas postmodernism is an aesthetic, literary, political or social philosophy, the "cultural and intellectual phenomenon", especially since the 1920s' new movements in the arts.
Additionally, Hicks has published articles and essays on a range of subjects, including entrepreneurism, [4] free speech in academia, [5] the history and development of modern art, [6] [7] Ayn Rand's Objectivism, [8] business ethics [9] and the philosophy of education, including a series of YouTube lectures.
Postmodernism has received significant criticism for its lack of stable definition and meaning. The term marks a departure from modernism, and may refer to an epoch of human history (see Postmodernity), a set of movements, styles, and methods in art and architecture, or a broad range of scholarship, drawing influence from scholarly fields such as critical theory, post-structuralist philosophy ...
Postmodern narratives will often deliberately disturb the formulaic expectations such cultural codes provide, [20] pointing thereby to a possible revision of the social code. [ 21 ] In communication and strategic communication , a master narrative (or metanarrative) is a "transhistorical narrative that is deeply embedded in a particular culture ...
Henry Armand Giroux (born September 19, 1943) is an American-Canadian scholar and cultural critic.One of the founding theorists of critical pedagogy in the United States, he is best known for his pioneering work in public pedagogy, cultural studies, youth studies, higher education, media studies, and critical theory.