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John I (Portuguese: João [1] [ʒuˈɐ̃w̃]; 11 April 1357 – 14 August 1433), also called John of Aviz, was King of Portugal from 1385 until his death in 1433. He is recognized chiefly for his role in Portugal's victory in a succession war with Castile, preserving his country's independence and establishing the Aviz (or Joanine) dynasty on the Portuguese throne.
Born in Lisbon on 3 May 1455, John was the second son of Afonso V of Portugal and Isabella of Coimbra. [4] [b] At one month old, on 25 June 1455, he was declared legitimate heir to the crown and received an oath of allegiance from the three estates.
John, Duke of Valencia de Campos (c.1349–c.1396), son of Peter I of Portugal and Inês de Castro; John, Constable of Portugal (1400–1442), son of John I of Portugal; John of Coimbra, Prince of Antioch (1431–1457), son of Infante Pedro, Duke of Coimbra; John, Hereditary Prince of Portugal (1451), son of Afonso V of Portugal
Dom John VI (Portuguese: João VI; [2] [3] 13 May 1767 – 10 March 1826), nicknamed "the Clement", was King of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves from 1816 to 1825. Although the United Kingdom of Portugal ceased to exist de facto beginning in 1822, he remained its monarch de jure between 1822 and 1825.
Infante John was the son of King John I of Portugal and his wife Philippa of Lancaster.John and his brothers Edward, Peter, Henry and Ferdinand, sister Isabella and half-brother Afonso, constitute what Portuguese historians have traditionally labelled the 'illustrious generation' (Ínclita Geração)
The founder of the House of Aviz, King John I of Portugal, was born in 1357 as the illegitimate child of King Pedro I of Portugal, a member of the Portuguese House of Burgundy, and Teresa Lourenço, daughter of a Lisbon merchant. In 1364, at 7 years old, John was made Grand Master of the Order of Aviz, henceforth becoming known as John of Aviz.
John III of Portugal figures in José Saramago's 2008 novel The Elephant's Journey. John III features in Laurent Binet 's 2021 novel Civilizations . John III was mentioned in the historical Thai film The Legend of Suriyothai in 2001, but his role was cut when it was released.
Dom John IV (Portuguese: João, [2] pronounced; 19 March 1604 – 6 November 1656), nicknamed John the Restorer (Portuguese: João, o Restaurador), was the King of Portugal whose reign, lasting from 1640 until his death, began the Portuguese restoration of independence from Habsburg Spanish rule. [1]