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Preparations for earthquakes can consist of survival measures, preparation that will improve survival in the event of an earthquake, or mitigating measures, that seek to minimise the effect of an earthquake. Common survival measures include storing food and water for an emergency, and educating individuals what to do during an earthquake. [1]
The National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) was established in 1977 by the United States Congress as part of the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977.The original stated purpose for NEHRP was "to reduce the risks of life and property from future Earthquakes in the United States through the establishment and maintenance of an effective earthquake hazards reduction program."
Emergency management plans and procedures should include the identification of appropriately trained staff members responsible for decision-making when an emergency occurs. Training plans should include internal people, contractors and civil protection partners, and should state the nature and frequency of training and testing.
The Yokohama Strategy for a Safer World: Guidelines for Natural Disaster Prevention, Preparedness and Mitigation and its Plan of Action was adopted at the World Conference on Natural Disaster Reduction, building on the mid-term review of the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction. [8]
Although related, adaptive capacity refers more to the potential to adjust a system, while mitigation is the actual implementation of adjustments. [13] Mitigation planning helps local governments lessen the impacts of hazards within their communities. [15] No two locations have the same hazard risks and communities know their experiences best.
“I can assess the construction of a house for earthquake demands, I can suggest a laundry list of mitigation measures for hurricanes, but unfortunately we don’t have the science to back that ...