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The scapula is a thick, flat bone lying on the thoracic wall that provides an attachment for three groups of muscles: intrinsic, extrinsic, and stabilizing and rotating muscles. The intrinsic muscles of the scapula include the muscles of the rotator cuff (SITS muscle)—the subscapularis, supraspinatus , infraspinatus and teres minor. [ 3 ]
Animation of the shoulder joint. The muscles shown are subscapularis muscle (at right), infraspinatus muscle (at top left), teres minor muscle (at bottom left) The movement of the scapula across the rib cage in relation to the humerus is known as the scapulohumeral rhythm, and this helps to achieve a further range of movement. This range can be ...
The levator scapulae is a slender [1]: 910 skeletal muscle situated at the back and side of the neck. It originates from the transverse processes of the four uppermost cervical vertebrae; it inserts onto the upper portion of the medial border of the scapula.
In addition to the four muscles of the rotator cuff, the deltoid muscle and teres major muscles arise and exist in the shoulder region itself. [3] The deltoid muscle covers the shoulder joint on three sides, arising from the front upper third of the clavicle, the acromion, and the spine of the scapula, and travelling to insert on the deltoid ...
While this slightly closes the angle between the clavicle and the scapula, it also widens the shoulder. [4]: 40 The scapula can be elevated and depressed from the neutral position to a total range of 10 to 12 centimetres (3.9 to 4.7 in); at its most elevated position the scapula is always tilted so that the glenoid cavity is facing superiorly.
The scapulohumeral muscles are a group of seven muscles that connect the humerus to the scapula. They are amongst the muscles that act on and stabilise the glenohumeral joint in the human body. They include: coracobrachialis muscle deltoid muscle rotator cuff muscles: infraspinatus muscle subscapularis muscle supraspinatus muscle teres minor muscle teres major muscle See also Other muscles ...
The subscapularis is covered by a dense fascia which attaches to the scapula at the margins of the subscapularis' attachment (origin) on the scapula. [1] The muscle's fibers pass laterally from its origin before coalescing into a tendon of insertion. [citation needed] The tendon intermingles with the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint capsule. [1]
The rhomboid muscles (/ ˈ r ɒ m b ɔɪ d /), often simply called the rhomboids, are rhombus-shaped muscles associated with the scapula. There are two rhomboid muscles on each side of the upper back: [1] [2] [3] Rhomboid major muscle; Rhomboid minor muscle; The large rhombus-shaped muscle, located under the trapezius muscle, in the upper part ...