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In human anatomy, the inferior epigastric artery is an artery that arises from the external iliac artery. [1]: 225 It is accompanied by the inferior epigastric vein; inferiorly, these two inferior epigastric vessels together travel within the lateral umbilical fold (which represents the lateral border of Hesselbach's triangle, the area through which direct inguinal hernias protrude. [2])
Inguinal hernia surgery is an operation to repair a weakness in the abdominal wall that abnormally allows abdominal contents to slip into a narrow tube called the inguinal canal in the groin region. There are two different clusters of hernia: groin and ventral (abdominal) wall. Groin hernia includes femoral, obturator, and inguinal. [1]
An inguinal hernia or groin hernia is a hernia (protrusion) of abdominal cavity contents through the inguinal canal. Symptoms, which may include pain or discomfort especially with or following coughing, exercise, or bowel movements, are absent in about a third of patients. Symptoms often get worse throughout the day and improve when lying down.
A true cul-de-sac hernia contains only omental fat, and often intraperitoneal liquid. [6] If the hernia contains omentum, sometimes the term "omentocele" is used. [7] If the cul-de-sac hernia contains loops of small bowel, the term enterocele is used. [2] If it contains sigmoid colon, the term sigmoidocele is used. [2]
An epigastric hernia is a type of hernia that causes fat to push through a weakened area in the walls of the abdomen. It may develop in the epigastrium (upper, central part of the abdomen ). Epigastric hernias are more common in adults and usually appear above the umbilical region of the abdomen.
About 27% of males and 3% of females develop a groin hernia at some time in their lives. [1] In 2013 about 25 million people had a hernia. [14] Inguinal, femoral and abdominal hernias resulted in 32,500 deaths globally in 2013 and 50,500 in 1990. [15]
[11] Peritoneal fat and lymphatic tissue that acts as a protective layer over the obturator canal will thin out over time, which results in a larger space between the nerves and vessels, creating the space for the hernia to occur. Additionally, conditions that increase intraabdominal pressure can result in relaxation of the peritoneum.
The lump is more globular than the pear-shaped lump of the inguinal hernia. The bulk of a femoral hernia lies below an imaginary line drawn between the anterior superior iliac spine and the pubic tubercle (which essentially represents the inguinal ligament) whereas an inguinal hernia starts above this line. Nonetheless, it is often impossible ...