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Hilton, Stanley E. "Brazilian Diplomacy and the Washington–Rio de Janeiro “Axis” during the World War II Era." Hispanic American Historical Review 59.2 (1979): 201-231. online; Hirabayashi, Lane Ryo, and Akemi Kikumura-Yano. "Japanese Latin Americans during World War II: A reconsideration." in Japanese Diasporas (Routledge, 2006) pp. 177 ...
Before the United States entered World War II, Hispanic Americans were already fighting on European soil in the Spanish Civil War.The Spanish Civil War was a major conflict in Spain that started after an attempted coup d'état by parts of the army, led by the Nationalist General Francisco Franco, against the government of the Second Spanish Republic.
Mexico's participation in World War II had its first antecedent in the diplomatic efforts made by the government before the League of Nations as a result of the Second Italo-Ethiopian War. However, this intensified with the sinking of oil tankers by German submarine attacks, resulting in Mexico declaring war on the Axis Powers of Nazi Germany ...
Historia Orgánica De Las Grandes Unidades (1475–2018) (PDF). Madrid: Ministerio de Defensa – Mando de Adiestramiento y Doctrina; Marquina, Antonio (1998). The Spanish Neutrality during the Second World War. American University International Law Review, 14(1), pp. 171–184. Payne, Stanley G (2008). Franco and Hitler. New Haven: Yale ...
The Bracero Program (from the Spanish term bracero [bɾaˈse.ɾo], meaning "manual laborer" or "one who works using his arms") was a U.S. Government-sponsored program that imported Mexican farm and railroad workers into the United States between the years 1942 and 1964.
La División Azul: Historia completa de los voluntarios españoles de Hitler. De 1941 a la actualidad (in Spanish). Spain: La Esfera de los Libros. ISBN 978-84-9164-606-8. Bowen, Wayne H. (2005) Spaniards and Nazi Germany: Collaboration in the New Order. University of Missouri Press, 250 pages, ISBN 0-8262-1300-6.
The Blue Legion (Spanish: Legión Azul; German: Blaue Legion), officially called the Spanish Volunteer Legion (Spanish: Legión Española de Voluntarios; German: Spanische Freiwilligen-Legion), was a volunteer legion created from 2,133 falangist volunteers who remained behind at the Eastern Front after most of the Spanish Blue Division was withdrawn in October 1943 because Francisco Franco had ...
German U-boats sank at least four Colombian ships during World War II, all of which were small sailing vessels. The first victim was the SS Resolute , a 35-ton schooner with a crew of ten men. On June 23, 1942, the Resolute was stopped near San Andres and Old Providence by 20-mm gunfire from the German submarine U-172 .