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The Katyn massacre [a] was a series of mass executions of nearly 22,000 Polish military and police officers, border guards, and intelligentsia prisoners of war carried out by the Soviet Union, specifically the NKVD (the Soviet secret police), at Joseph Stalin's order in April and May 1940.
The Katyń Memorial (Polish: Pomnik Katyński) is a monument in Niles, Illinois, United States, located at the St. Adalbert Cemetery.It commemorates victims of Katyn massacre, a series of mass executions of nearly 22,000 Polish military and police officers, border guards, and intelligentsia prisoners of war carried out in 1940 by the People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs of the Soviet Union.
Vasily Mikhailovich Blokhin (Russian: Васи́лий Миха́йлович Блохи́н; 19 January [O.S. 7 January] 1895 – 3 February 1955) was a Soviet secret police official who served as the chief executioner of the NKVD under the administrations of Genrikh Yagoda, Nikolay Yezhov and Lavrentiy Beria.
[18]: 125–126 For the officers, most of whom perished in the Katyn massacre, it was a stark 97%. [6] [18]: 125–126 A more general estimate for "mortality rate among deportees and POWs from 1939-1941" gave the odds at 20% for adults and 30% for the children. The mortality rate for the military enlisted has been estimated at 35% to 40%. [6]
The National Katyń Memorial is a monument in Baltimore, Maryland, which memorializes the victims of the 1940 Katyn massacre of Polish nationals carried out by Soviet forces. Baltimore's Polish-American community was instrumental in having the monument built. The monument was unveiled in 2000 and is the tallest statue in Baltimore.
According to Norman Davies, the Khatyn massacre was deliberately exploited by the Soviet authorities to cover up the Katyn massacre, and this was a major reason for erecting the memorial – it was done in order to cause confusion with Katyn among foreign visitors. [18] In 2004, the Memorial was renovated.
The Katyn Commission or the International Katyn Commission was a committee formed in April 1943 under request by Germany to investigate the Katyn massacre of some 22,000 Polish nationals during the Soviet occupation of Eastern Poland, mostly prisoners of war from the invasion of Poland including Polish Army officers, intelligentsia, civil servants, priests, police officers and numerous other ...
The Katyn Forest Massacre Memorial by Marian Owczarski (1985) located at Our Lady of Orchard Lake church in Orchard Lake, Michigan. [23] A statue, the Katyń Memorial, commemorating the massacre is at Exchange Place on the Hudson River in Jersey City, New Jersey. [24] Other memorial statues are in Doylestown, Pennsylvania and Niles, Illinois. [22]