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The ethics of care (alternatively care ethics or EoC) is a normative ethical theory that holds that moral action centers on interpersonal relationships and care or benevolence as a virtue. EoC is one of a cluster of normative ethical theories that were developed by some feminists and environmentalists since the 1980s. [ 1 ]
Feminist ethics is an approach to ethics that builds on the belief that traditionally ethical theorizing has undervalued and/or underappreciated women's moral experience, which is largely male-dominated, and it therefore chooses to reimagine ethics through a holistic feminist approach to transform it.
Ethics of care is a feminist ethical theory often applied by feminist bioethicists. It emphasizes including consideration of personal relations and values of care, love, and responsibility, rather than traditional ethical principles, to permit more subtle and holistic ethical discussions.
Feminist justice ethics differs itself from feminist ethics of care by chastising such a perspective for its abandonment of universal values. In feminist justice ethics, legitimate ethical critique cannot be made without utilizing a universal set of ethics. [4] Meanwhile, feminist postmodern ethics puts forth an entirely different view.
Nel Noddings's ethics of care has been criticised by both feminists and those who favour more traditional, and allegedly masculine, approaches to ethics. In brief, feminists object that the one caring is, in effect, carrying out the traditional female role in life of giving while receiving little in return.
Feminist Perspectives on Personal Relationships on Moral Theory, [8] discusses friendship, care ethics, partiality, and impartiality. Her 2003 book Autonomy, Gender, Politics , [ 9 ] defends the ideals of autonomy against various analyses and applies that model to issues like domestic violence and multicultural political relationships. [ 10 ]
Bar On (1993) said that if feminine ethics of care provides privileged perspective on morality, then our moral knowledge is convinced only by existence of gender relations. Bar On also claims that theory which explains structural relationship between advanced and less developed, which dictates epistemic privilege can not be applied to women ...
Feminist ethics often argues that the emphasis on objectivity, rationality, and universality in traditional moral thought excludes women's ethical realities. [3] One of the most notable developments is the ethics of care , which values empathy, responsibility, and non-violence in the development of moral systems.