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The National Living Wage is an obligatory minimum wage payable to workers in the United Kingdom aged 21 [a] and over which came into effect on 1 April 2016. As of April 2024 it is £11.44 per hour. [1]
In the UK tax system, personal allowance is the threshold above which income tax is levied on an individual's income. A person who receives less than their own personal allowance in taxable income (such as earnings and some benefits) in a given tax year does not pay income tax; otherwise, tax must be paid according to how much is earned above this level.
The National Minimum Wage Act 1998 (c. 39) creates a minimum wage across the United Kingdom. [2] From 1 April 2024, the minimum wage is £11.44 per hour for people aged 21 and over, £8.60 for 18- to 20-year-olds, and £6.40 for 16- to 17-year-olds and apprentices aged under 19 or in the first year of their apprenticeship. [3]
In the United Kingdom, the value added tax (VAT) [1] was introduced in 1973, replacing Purchase Tax, and is the third-largest source of government revenue, after income tax and National Insurance. It is administered and collected by HM Revenue and Customs , primarily through the Value Added Tax Act 1994 .
His Majesty's Revenue and Customs (commonly HM Revenue and Customs, or HMRC) [4] [5] is a non-ministerial department of the UK Government responsible for the collection of taxes, the payment of some forms of state support, the administration of other regulatory regimes including the national minimum wage and the issuance of national insurance numbers.
Rachel Reeves confirms Budget will raise taxes by £40bn. 12:50, Kate Devlin. The chancellor has confirmed that her first Budget will raise taxes by an eye-watering £40bn.
In 1974, around 750,000 people paid the higher (but not necessarily the top) rate of income tax. [11] Margaret Thatcher, who favoured indirect taxation, reduced personal income tax rates during the 1980s. [12] In the first budget after her election victory in 1979, the top rate was reduced from 83% to 60% and the basic rate from 33% to 30%. [13]
In either case, the tax base of $100 can be treated as two parts—$80 of after-tax spending money and $20 of taxes owed. A 25% exclusive tax rate approximates a 20% inclusive tax rate after adjustment. [21] By including taxes owed in the tax base, an exclusive tax rate can be directly compared to an inclusive tax rate.