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Helicobacter is a genus of gram-negative bacteria possessing a characteristic helical shape. They were initially considered to be members of the genus Campylobacter, but in 1989, Goodwin et al. published sufficient reasons to justify the new genus name Helicobacter. [2] The genus Helicobacter contains about 35 species. [3] [4] [5]
Helicobacter pylori is a species of gram-negative bacteria in the Helicobacter genus. [23] About half the world's population is infected with H. pylori but only a few strains are pathogenic. H pylori is a helical bacterium having a predominantly helical shape, also often described as having a spiral or S shape.
[2] [3] [4] Coccus refers to the shape of the bacteria and can contain multiple genera, such as staphylococci or streptococci. Cocci can grow in pairs, chains, or clusters, depending on their orientation and attachment during cell division. In contrast to many bacilli-shaped bacteria, most cocci bacteria do not have flagella and are non-motile. [5]
Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that, unlike gram-positive bacteria, do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. [1] Their defining characteristic is that their cell envelope consists of a thin peptidoglycan cell wall sandwiched between an inner ( cytoplasmic ) membrane and an outer ...
A spirochaete (/ ˈ s p aɪ r oʊ ˌ k iː t /) [4] or spirochete is a member of the phylum Spirochaetota (also called Spirochaetes [5] / ˌ s p aɪ r oʊ ˈ k iː t iː z /), which contains distinctive diderm (double-membrane) Gram-negative bacteria, most of which have long, helically coiled (corkscrew-shaped or spiraled, hence the name) cells ...
Campylobacter is a helical-shaped, non-spore-forming, Gram-negative, microaerophilic, nonfermenting motile bacterium with a single flagellum at one or both poles, [6] which are also oxidase-positive and grow optimally at 37 to 42 °C.
Treponema pallidum is a helically shaped bacterium with high motility consisting of an outer membrane, peptidoglycan layer, inner membrane, protoplasmic cylinder, and periplasmic space. [9] It is often described as gram-negative, but its outer membrane lacks lipopolysaccharide, which is found in the outer membrane of other gram-negative ...
Helicobacter cetorum is a helical, Gram-negative bacteria that is 4 μm long, 0.6 μm wide, and contains a bipolar flagella. [1] It was originally isolated from fecal samples of Atlantic white-sided dolphins and Beluga whales, and the samples were then visualized via electron microscopy and by Gram stain and Stein's silver stain in tissue.