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The Indian Penal Code (IPC) was the official criminal code in the Republic of India, inherited from British India after independence, until it was repealed and replaced by Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) in December 2023, which came into effect on 1 July 2024.
The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) (IAST: Bhāratīya Nyāya Saṃhitā; lit. ' Indian Justice Code ') is the official criminal code in India.It came into effect on 1 July 2024 after being passed by the parliament in December 2023 to replace the Indian Penal Code (IPC).
In India according to Section 300 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860, murder is defined as follows: . Murder.--Except in the cases hereinafter excepted, culpable homicide is murder, if the act by which the death is caused is done with the intention of causing death, or- 167 2ndly.-If it is done with the intention of causing such bodily injury as the offender knows to be likely to cause the death ...
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The Indian Penal Code, 1861 was passed by the British parliament. The CrPC was created for the first time ever in 1882 and then amended in 1898, then according to the 41st Law Commission report in 1973.
In India, Section 420 of the Indian Penal Code (before its repeal by introduction of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita) dealt with Cheating and dishonestly inducing delivery of property. The maximum punishment was seven years imprisonment and a fine. [1] Section 420 is now Section 318 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita.
Section 124A. Sedition. Whoever, by words, either spoken or written, or by signs, or by visible representation, or otherwise, brings or attempts to bring into hatred or contempt, or excites or attempts to excite disaffection towards, the Government established by law in India, shall be punished with imprisonment for life, to which fine may be added, or with imprisonment which may extend to ...
However, due to legal loopholes, the levels of punishments being less (compared to those of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (IPC)), and the law and order machinery being neither professionally trained nor socially inclined to implement such social legislation, a more comprehensive deterrent Act was required to protect the scheduled communities from ...