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One of the most enduring classifications of archaeological periods and cultures was established in Gordon Willey and Philip Phillips' 1958 book, Method and Theory in American Archaeology. They divided the archaeological record in the Americas into five phases, only three of which applied to North America. [ 1 ]
Inevitably these definitions of periods only relate to the region of that empire or culture. The Industrial age or Modern era is generally taken to refer to post-1800. From this time, the Industrial Revolution which began in Western Europe resulted in global trade and greatly increased cultural exchange.
Pages in category "Archaeological cultures of North America" The following 106 pages are in this category, out of 106 total. This list may not reflect recent changes .
Pages in category "Archaeological cultures of Europe" The following 200 pages are in this category, out of approximately 244 total. This list may not reflect recent changes .
The archaeology of the Americas is the study of the archaeology of the Western Hemisphere, including North America (Mesoamerica), Central America, South America and the Caribbean. This includes the study of pre-historic/ pre-Columbian and historic indigenous American peoples , as well as historical archaeology of more recent eras, including the ...
Archaeological cultures of North America (23 C, 106 P) P. Pre-Columbian cultures (11 C, 161 P) S. Archaeological cultures of South America (8 C, 35 P)
Some of these civilizations had long ceased to function by the time of the first permanent European arrivals (c. late 15th – early 16th centuries), and are known only through archaeological investigations or oral history from nations today. Others were contemporary with this period, and are also known from historical accounts of the time.
An archaeological culture is a pattern of similar artefacts and features found within a specific area over a limited period of time. They are sometimes termed Techno-Complexes (Technology-Complexes) to differentiate them from sociological cultures. As the archaeological cultures refer only to material items, sometimes even the purpose of which ...