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Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC or CSCR), also known as central serous retinopathy (CSR), is an eye disease that causes visual impairment, often temporary, usually in one eye. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] When the disorder is active it is characterized by leakage of fluid under the retina that has a propensity to accumulate under the central macula.
In PCV, sudden blurring of vision or a scotoma in the central field of vision may occur in one or both eyes. [2] Another symptom is metamorphopsia. [1] Signs include polypoidal lesions, orange-red lesions in fundus, subretinal fluid, retinal detachment, subretinal hemorrhages, subretinal fibrinous material, hard exudates and drusen. [1]
Birdshot chorioretinopathy, now commonly named birdshot uveitis or HLA-A29 uveitis, [1] is a rare form of bilateral posterior uveitis affecting both eyes.It causes severe, progressive inflammation of both the choroid and retina.
Optic neuropathy is damage to the optic nerve from any cause. The optic nerve is a bundle of millions of fibers in the retina that sends visual signals to the brain. Damage and death of these nerve cells, or neurons, leads to characteri
Geographic atrophy (GA), also known as atrophic age-related macular degeneration (AMD) or advanced dry AMD, is an advanced form of age-related macular degeneration that can result in the progressive and irreversible loss of retinal tissue (photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium, choriocapillaris) which can lead to a loss of central vision over time.
The triad of CPEO, bilateral pigmentary retinopathy, and cardiac conduction abnormalities was first described in a case report of two patients in 1958 by Thomas P. Kearns (1922–2011), MD., and George Pomeroy Sayre (1911–1992), MD. [22] A second case was published in 1960 by Jager and co-authors reporting these symptoms in a 13-year-old boy ...
Whole-person specialty care, a model where a comprehensive care team works together to coordinate personalized and individualized treatment, is offering renewed hope for patients.
excessive response to mental or physical stimuli such as stress or cold; The disease is more prevalent in the following groups: in women compared to men; in people with lower blood pressure; in Asians compared with Caucasians; in academics compared with blue collar-workers; People with Flammer syndrome sleep poorly [6] and have a decreased ...