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Ball-and-stick model of cimetidine, the prototypical H 2 receptor antagonist. H 2 antagonists, sometimes referred to as H2RAs [1] and also called H 2 blockers, are a class of medications that block the action of histamine at the histamine H 2 receptors of the parietal cells in the stomach.
They are the most potent inhibitors of acid secretion available. The group followed and has largely superseded another group of pharmaceuticals with similar effects, but a different mode of action, called H 2-receptor antagonists. These drugs are among the most widely sold drugs in the world, and are generally considered effective. [3]
Cimetidine, sold under the brand name Tagamet among others, is a histamine H 2 receptor antagonist that inhibits stomach acid production. [1] [9] [10] It is mainly used in the treatment of heartburn and peptic ulcers.
H2 Blockers. H2 blockers, short for histamine-2 blockers, ... “There are some potential adverse effects to be aware of, particularly for those on long-term PPIs, such as an increased risk for ...
In elderly patients with CC more than 25 ml / min, the dose is not changed. Dose changes in liver failure are not required, since ranitidine and bismuth are excreted mainly by the kidneys. H 2 -histamine receptor blockers should be taken 2 hours after taking itraconazole a or ketoconazole a to avoid a significant decrease in their absorption.
Calcium-channel blockers. Disopyramide. Dilated cardiomyopathy is one of the main causes of heart failure. It occurs in about 1 in 2,500 people. Treatment for dilated cardiomyopathy may involve ...
Common side effects include headache, abdominal pain, diarrhea or constipation, and dizziness. [4] Serious side effects may include pneumonia and seizures. [4] [5] Use in pregnancy appears safe but has not been well studied, while use during breastfeeding is not recommended. [1] Famotidine was patented in 1979 and came into medical use in 1985. [6]
Ranitidine has 10% of the affinity that cimetidine has to CYP450, so it causes fewer side effects, but other H 2 blockers famotidine and nizatidine have no CYP450 significant interactions. [ 131 ] Ranitidine was introduced in 1981, and was the world's biggest-selling prescription drug by 1987. [ 132 ]