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Toggle Jensen's operator and trace inequalities subsection. 12.1 Jensen's trace inequality. ... Trace identity – Equations involving the trace of a matrix;
The trace of a Hermitian matrix is real, because the elements on the diagonal are real. The trace of a permutation matrix is the number of fixed points of the corresponding permutation, because the diagonal term a ii is 1 if the i th point is fixed and 0 otherwise. The trace of a projection matrix is the dimension of the target space.
The trace operator can be defined for functions in the Sobolev spaces , with <, see the section below for possible extensions of the trace to other spaces. Let Ω ⊂ R n {\textstyle \Omega \subset \mathbb {R} ^{n}} for n ∈ N {\textstyle n\in \mathbb {N} } be a bounded domain with Lipschitz boundary.
In physics and mathematics, the Golden–Thompson inequality is a trace inequality between exponentials of symmetric and Hermitian matrices proved independently by Golden (1965) and Thompson (1965). It has been developed in the context of statistical mechanics , where it has come to have a particular significance.
Bessel's inequality; Bihari–LaSalle inequality; Bohnenblust–Hille inequality; Borell–Brascamp–Lieb inequality; Brezis–Gallouet inequality; Carleman's inequality; Chebyshev–Markov–Stieltjes inequalities; Chebyshev's sum inequality; Clarkson's inequalities; Eilenberg's inequality; Fekete–Szegő inequality; Fenchel's inequality ...
In mathematics, specifically functional analysis, a trace-class operator is a linear operator for which a trace may be defined, such that the trace is a finite number independent of the choice of basis used to compute the trace. This trace of trace-class operators generalizes the trace of matrices studied in linear algebra.
The above formula shows that its Lie algebra is the special linear Lie algebra consisting of those matrices having trace zero. Writing a 3 × 3 {\displaystyle 3\times 3} -matrix as A = [ a b c ] {\displaystyle A={\begin{bmatrix}a&b&c\end{bmatrix}}} where a , b , c {\displaystyle a,b,c} are column vectors of length 3, then the gradient over one ...
A common use of the pseudoinverse is to compute a "best fit" (least squares) approximate solution to a system of linear equations that lacks an exact solution (see below under § Applications). Another use is to find the minimum norm solution to a system of linear equations with multiple solutions. The pseudoinverse facilitates the statement ...