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Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is a chronic upper gastrointestinal disease in which stomach content persistently and regularly flows up into the esophagus, resulting in symptoms and/or complications.
Obesity is a leading preventable cause of death worldwide, with increasing rates in adults and children. [18] In 2022, over 1 billion people lived with obesity worldwide (879 million adults and 159 million children), representing more than a double of adult cases (and four times higher than cases among children) registered in 1990.
The Male athlete triad is a condition among women that consists of three related health irregularities: disordered eating habits, irregular menstruation, and premature bone loss or osteoporosis. [1] The term was coined in the early 1990s when researchers from the National Institutes of Health noticed unusual health patterns among female athletes.
Pro athletes are figured to be some of the healthiest humans in the world -- but even they aren't immune from nasty habits. A number of prominent figures throughout sports throughout history have ...
With the increase in female participation in sports, [8] the incidence of a triad of disorders particular to women—the female athlete triad—has also increased. [9] The female athlete triad and its relationship with athletics was identified in the 1980s as the prevalence increased during this period, and symptoms, risk factors, causes, and ...
Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) or laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) is the retrograde flow of gastric contents into the larynx, oropharynx and/or the nasopharynx. [4] [5] LPR causes respiratory symptoms such as cough and wheezing [6] and is often associated with head and neck complaints such as dysphonia, globus pharyngis, and dysphagia. [7]
Most causes relate to congenital or acquired cardiovascular disease with no symptoms noted before the fatal event. The prevalence of any single, associated condition is low, probably less than 0.3% of the population in the athletes' age group, [ citation needed ] and the sensitivity and specificity of common screening tests leave much to be ...
Note: * Indicates athletes who ran in preliminary rounds and also received medals. nb Note: Marion Jones was stripped of all her Olympic medals. In 2008 the Russian team of Evgeniya Polyakova, Aleksandra Fedoriva, Yulia Gushchina, and Yuliya Chermoshanskaya were initially awarded the gold medals. However, the medals were rescinded in 2016 ...