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The 4L60E (and similar 4L65E) is a series of automatic transmissions from General Motors. Designed for longitudinal engine configurations, the series includes 4 forward gears and 1 reverse gear. The 4L60E is the electronically commanded evolution of the Turbo-Hydramatic 700R4 , originally produced in 1982.
Borg-Warner R-11 overdrive - 3-speed manual transmission with electric overdrive Ford used them up until 1975 in trucks. Borg-Warner T-50 transmission — 5-speed longitudinal manual - used by GM in its RWD H-Body cars and a few other limited light duty applications from 1976 to 1978;
In 1995, the 4L60E received a PWM-controlled lockup converter. The early designs simple on or off lockup function while the later design can regulate the apply pressure as to not feel the lock up occur. GM added a fifth solenoid to the valve body, called the PWM solenoid. In 1996, GM introduced a redesigned 4L60E transmission case that ...
During the 1980s, automatic transmissions with four gear ratios became increasingly common, [31] and many were equipped with lock-up torque convertors in order to improve fuel economy. Electronics began to be more commonly used to control the transmission, replacing mechanical control methods such as spring-loaded valves in the valve body.
Many TCUs now have an input from the vehicle's traction control system. If the TCS detects unfavourable road conditions, a signal is sent to the TCU. The TCU can modify shift programmes by upshifting early, eliminating the torque converter lock-up clutch application, and also eliminating the first gear totally and pulling off in 2nd. [3]
As described above, impelling losses within the torque converter reduce efficiency and generate waste heat. In modern automotive applications, this problem is commonly avoided by use of a lock-up clutch that physically links the impeller and turbine, effectively changing the converter into a purely mechanical coupling. The result is no slippage ...
Also called the GM small corporate pattern and the S10 pattern. This pattern has a distinctive odd-sided hexagonal shape. Rear wheel drive applications have the starter mounted on the right side of the block (when viewed from the flywheel) and on the opposite side of the block compared to front wheel drive installations.
For 1991 GM introduced the 4T60-E which was a 4T60 with electronic controls, first seen on the new Buick Park Avenue.One benefit was that the cruise control was integrated into the gearbox' electronic control module, improving the ability to maintain a set speed while avoiding needless shifting, thus lowering fuel consumption and noise levels. [1]