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The Tarim Basin, with the Taklamakan Desert, and area of the Tarim mummies ( ) with main burial sites. Sir Aurel Stein in the Tarim Basin, 1910. At the beginning of the 20th century, European explorers such as Sven Hedin, Albert von Le Coq and Sir Aurel Stein all recounted their discoveries of desiccated bodies in their search for antiquities in Central Asia. [14]
The Princess of Xiaohe (Chinese: 小河公主) or Little River Princess was found in 2003 at Xiaohe Cemetery in Lop Nur, Xinjiang.She is one of the Tarim mummies, and is known as M11 for the tomb she was found in. Buried approximately 3,800 years ago, she has European and Siberian genes [1] [2] and has white skin and red hair.
The oldest of the Tarim mummies, bodies preserved by the desert conditions, date from 2000 BC and were found on the eastern edge of the Tarim Basin. The mummies have been described as being both "Caucasoid" and "Mongoloid", and mixed-race individuals are also observed. [58] A genetic study of remains from the oldest layer of the Xiaohe Cemetery ...
The Qäwrighul culture is primarily known for its cemeteries. It is considered as the oldest of the Tarim mummies burial sites, going back to 2135–1939 BCE for its lowest layers. [3] The best attested of these are the cemeteries of Qäwrighul itself, in which at least forty-two burials have been uncovered.
A mummy from the Xiaohe Cemetery, with dairy remains scattered around the mummy’s neck. ... but scientists say the Tarim Basin samples are the oldest samples of cheese actually found. ...
The mummy is wrapped in a wool cloth, cowhide leather, and linen. She is wearing leather shoes. There were several items made out of clay and some grain found nearby. Unlike Egyptian mummies, which were preserved on purpose, the Loulan Beauty and other Tarim mummies were preserved unintentionally. The Loulan Beauty was buried near a salt lake ...
The cemetery resembles an oblong sand dune. From it the remains of more than 30 people, the earliest of whom lived around 4,000 years ago, have been excavated. The bodies, which have been buried in air-tight ox-hide bags, are so well-preserved that they have often been referred to as the "Tarim mummies".
Like other mummies from the Tarim, Cherchen Man was buried in a tomb made of mud bricks topped with reeds and brush.The Cherchen man and the other female mummy were placed on multiple branches, with small mats underneath them that reduced the moisture in the tomb, adding to their preservation. [1]