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A concussion, also known as a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), is a head injury that temporarily affects brain functioning. [8] Symptoms may include headache, dizziness, difficulty with thinking and concentration, sleep disturbances, mood changes, a brief period of memory loss, brief loss of consciousness; problems with balance; nausea; blurred vision; and mood changes.
Post-concussion syndrome (PCS), also known as persisting symptoms after concussion, is a set of symptoms that may continue for weeks, months, or years after a concussion. PCS is medically classified as a mild traumatic brain injury (TBI).
Pharmacologic treatment at the present stage has been shown to be unable to speed the recovery of pediatric concussion; nevertheless, the medication can be prescribed to alleviate signs and symptoms of sleep disturbances, headaches, cognitive and emotional inflictions, of the injury. [43]
The prevalence of unreported trauma is common as a study showed that 25% of athletes thought that a concussion requires loss of consciousness. [43] A study by Sullivan et al. found that 83% of male rugby athletes were aware of concussion signs and symptoms, but only 50% understood or were aware of the protocol to return to play after an injury ...
A concussion is a form of a mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). This injury is a result due to a blow to the head that could make the person's physical, cognitive, and emotional behaviors irregular. Symptoms may include clumsiness, fatigue , confusion , nausea , blurry vision , headaches , and others. [ 7 ]
Acute concussion symptoms (those that occur shortly after an injury) should not be confused with CTE. Differentiating between prolonged post-concussion syndrome (PCS, where symptoms begin shortly after a concussion and last for weeks, months, and sometimes even years) and CTE symptoms can be difficult.
Possible signs of concussion that may appear in a student-athlete after a jolt to the head or body include: [7] [2] a dazed appearance; confusion; forgetfulness; lack of confidence in actions; clumsiness; slower than normal; loss of consciousness; changes in mood, behavior, or personality, and; inability to remember events prior to, or after ...
MRI is more sensitive than CT scans, but is still liable to false negatives because DAI is identified by looking for signs of edema, which may not always be present. [33] DAI is classified into grades based on severity of the injury. In Grade I, widespread axonal damage is present but no focal abnormalities are seen.