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Map of Romania after World War II indicating lost territories. Under the 1947 Treaty of Paris, [43] the Allies did not acknowledge Romania as a co-belligerent nation but instead applied the term "ally of Hitlerite Germany" to all recipients of the treaty's stipulations. Like Finland, Romania had to pay $300 million to the Soviet Union as war ...
In World War II, the Kingdom of Romania, persuaded and aided by Nazi Germany, took control of Transnistria for the first time in history. In August 1941, Adolf Hitler persuaded Ion Antonescu to take control of the territory as a substitute for Northern Transylvania , occupied by Miklós Horthy 's Hungary following the Second Vienna Award .
The coup also marked the last instance when Romania's actions significantly influenced the wider course of the war. [6] Romanian and Soviet soldiers shaking hands in Bucharest after the coup, 30 August 1944. The coup sped the Red Army's advance into Romania. [7] Romanian historians claimed that the coup shortened the war by as much as "six months."
The Kingdom of Romania was under Fascist rule for a total of six to eight months, comprising two separate regimes headed by two different parties. First there was the National Christian Party between December 1937 and February 1938, then the Iron Guard between September 1940 and January 1941.
Though the Iron Guard had been in the Romanian Government since 28 June 1940, on 14 September it achieved dominance, leading to the proclamation of the National Legionary State. On 27 September 1940, Romania withdrew from the Balkan Pact. On 8 October, Nazi German troops began crossing into Romania, and soon numbered over 500,000.
The Kingdom of Romania (Romanian: Regatul României) was a constitutional monarchy that existed from 25 March [O.S. 13 March] 1881 with the crowning of prince Karl of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen as King Carol I (thus beginning the Romanian royal family), until 1947 with the abdication of King Michael I and the Romanian parliament's proclamation of the Romanian People's Republic.
Map showing the Romanian territorial changes in the Danube Delta of 1948 On 10 February 1947, the Paris Peace Treaties that confirmed Romanian sovereignty over Northern Transylvania were signed. A new government with Groza again as leader which was predominantly communist was established in December 1946.
Regions of the Kingdom of Romania (1918–1940) Physical map of Greater Romania (1933) The concept of "Greater Romania" materialized as a geopolitical reality after the First World War. [13] Romania gained control over Bessarabia, Bukovina and Transylvania. The borders established by the treaties concluding the war did not change until 1940.