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The theory of classical irreversible thermodynamics treats self-assembly under a generalized chemical potential within the framework of dissipative systems. [ 151 ] [ 152 ] [ 153 ] The second law of thermodynamics requires that overall entropy increases, yet life is distinguished by its great degree of organization.
In complex analysis, a branch of mathematics, an amoeba is a set associated with a polynomial in one or more complex variables. Amoebas have applications in algebraic geometry , especially tropical geometry .
Biological rules and laws are often developed as succinct, broadly applicable ways to explain complex phenomena or salient observations about the ecology and biogeographical distributions of plant and animal species around the world, though they have been proposed for or extended to all types of organisms. Many of these regularities of ecology ...
Clockwise from top right: Amoeba proteus, Actinophrys sol, Acanthamoeba sp., Nuclearia thermophila., Euglypha acanthophora, neutrophil ingesting bacteria. An amoeba (/ ə ˈ m iː b ə /; less commonly spelled ameba or amœba; pl.: amoebas (less commonly, amebas) or amoebae (amebae) / ə ˈ m iː b i /), [1] often called an amoeboid, is a type of cell or unicellular organism with the ability ...
An amoeba of the genus Mayorella (Amoebozoa, Discosea) Amoebozoa is a large and diverse group, but certain features are common to many of its members. The amoebozoan cell is typically divided into a granular central mass, called endoplasm, and a clear outer layer, called ectoplasm. During locomotion, the endoplasm flows forwards and the ...
Amoeboid movement is the most typical mode of locomotion in adherent eukaryotic cells. [1] It is a crawling-like type of movement accomplished by protrusion of cytoplasm of the cell involving the formation of pseudopodia ("false-feet") and posterior uropods.
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Giant viruses, or nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses, frequently infect Amoebozoa and other protists causing amoeba lysis and cell rounding in 12 hours and amoeba population collapse in 55 hours. [3] As such, there is a strong selective pressure on both Amoebozoa and their symbionts to resist these viruses.