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If a fungus contains all three types (example: Trametes), it is called trimitic. Fungi that form fusiform skeletal hyphae bound by generative hyphae are said to have sarcodimitic hyphal systems. A few fungi form fusiform skeletal hyphae, generative hyphae, and binding hyphae, and these are said to have sarcotrimitic hyphal systems. These terms ...
The mycelial growth pattern, extent of biomass accumulation, and the presence or absence of rhizomorphs are used to classify fungi by exploration type. Agerer first proposed the designation of exploration types in 2001, [7] and the concept has since been widely employed in studies of ectomycorrhizal ecology.
The hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi produce the glycoprotein glomalin, which may be one of the major stores of carbon in the soil. [38] Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi have (possibly) been asexual for many millions of years and, unusually, individuals can contain many genetically different nuclei (a phenomenon called heterokaryosis). [39]
The life stage at which a fungus lives, grows, and develops, gathering nutrients and energy. The fungus uses this stage to proliferate itself through asexually created mitotic spores. Cycles through somatic hyphae, zoosporangia, zoospores, encystation & germination, and back to somatic hyphae.
A mycorrhizal network (also known as a common mycorrhizal network or CMN) is an underground network found in forests and other plant communities, created by the hyphae of mycorrhizal fungi joining with plant roots. This network connects individual plants together.
The growth of fungi as hyphae on or in solid substrates or as single cells in aquatic environments is adapted for the efficient extraction of nutrients, because these growth forms have high surface area to volume ratios. [70] Hyphae are specifically adapted for growth on solid surfaces, and to invade substrates and tissues. [71]
Mating in fungi is a complex process governed by mating types. Research on fungal mating has focused on several model species with different behaviour. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Not all fungi reproduce sexually and many that do are isogamous ; thus, for many members of the fungal kingdom, the terms "male" and "female" do not apply.
A clamp connection is a hook-like structure formed by growing hyphal cells of certain fungi. It is a characteristic feature of basidiomycete fungi. It is created to ensure that each cell, or segment of hypha separated by septa (cross walls), receives a set of differing nuclei, which are obtained through mating of hyphae