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Penicillium digitatum (/ ˌ p ɛ n ɪ ˈ s ɪ l i əm ˌ d ɪ dʒ ɪ ˈ t eɪ t əm /) is a mesophilic fungus found in the soil of citrus-producing areas. [1] [2] [3] It is a major source of post-harvest decay in fruits and is responsible for the widespread post-harvest disease in Citrus fruit known as green rot or green mould.
Sooty mold caused by scale on a Eucalyptus dives. Sooty mold (also spelled sooty mould) is a collective term for different Ascomycete fungi, which includes many genera, commonly Cladosporium and Alternaria. [1] [2] It grows on plants and their fruit, but also environmental objects, like fences, garden furniture, stones, and even cars.
Citrus Black Spot can colonize and reproduce on dead twigs. To dispose of citrus debris it should either be heated to a minimum of 180 °F for two hours, incinerated, buried in a landfill, or fed to livestock. Plant trash should be moved with caution if at all to avoid spreading the infectious ascospores.
Sooty blotch and flyspeck is a descriptive term for a condition of darkly pigmented blemishes and smudges caused by a number of different fungi affecting fruit including apples, pear, persimmon, banana, papaya, and several other cultivated tree and vine crops. The greenish black coating resembling soot or flyspeck-like dots grow into irregular ...
White oil is an insecticide spray used for controlling a wide range of insect pests in the garden. The spray works by blocking the breathing pores of insects, causing suffocation and death. It is effective in the control of aphids, scale, mealybug, mites, citrus leafminer and other smooth skinned caterpillars. [1] "
Without proper management, the disease can lead to huge losses for citrus growers. In 1901, 10 to 30% of citrus crops in California were lost due to Alternaria citri . Another source states that in India, between 1988 and 1990, more than 20% of mandarins in transport were lost to the disease. [ 10 ]
Sooty moulds grow in thin black layers on leaves on which aphids, witefly or other sap-sucking insects have deposited their honeydew. It does not grow parasitically but it harms plants indirectly and is also unsightly. The mould coats the leaves and this blocks out light and makes photosynthesis less effective. Plant growth can be reduced ...
California is the number one producer of fresh citrus fruit in the United States making citrus stubborn disease in this region an economically important disease for control. [11] Citrus stubborn initially rose to a major concern for the citrus industry in the 1980s and is, in recent years, becoming an increasingly problematic disease. [11]