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Knee arthroscopy, or arthroscopic knee surgery, is a surgery that uses arthroscopic techniques. It has, in many cases, replaced the classic open surgery that was performed in the past. Arthroscopic knee surgery is one of the most common orthopaedic procedures, performed approximately 2 million times worldwide each year. [2]
As with all arthroscopic procedures, because the hip arthroscopy is undertaken with fluid in the joint, there is a risk that some can escape into the surrounding tissues during surgery and cause local swelling. Occasionally, this causes skin blistering. However, swelling usually resolves after 24 hours without intervention.
[1] [3] Joint replacement surgery may be an option if there is ongoing disability despite other treatments. [2] An artificial joint typically lasts 10 to 15 years. [11] Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis, affecting about 237 million people or 3.3% of the world's population, as of 2015. [4] [12] It becomes more common as people ...
Bones may weaken to such a degree that a break may occur with minor stress or spontaneously. After the broken bone heals, some people may have chronic pain and a decreased ability to carry out normal activities. [3] Osteoporosis may be due to lower-than-normal maximum bone mass and greater-than-normal bone loss.
The surgery is performed by arthroscopy, after the joint is cleaned of calcified cartilage. Through use of an awl , the surgeon creates tiny fractures in the subchondral bone plate. [ 10 ] Blood and bone marrow (which contains stem cells ) seep out of the fractures, creating a blood clot that releases cartilage-building cells .
Treatments may include medication, not walking on the affected leg, stretching, and surgery. [1] Most of the time surgery is eventually required and may include core decompression, osteotomy, bone grafts, or joint replacement. [1] About 15,000 cases occur per year in the United States. [4] People 30 to 50 years old are most commonly affected. [3]
The surgery can be performed through an open or arthroscopic procedure. A regimen of physical therapy following surgery is prescribed and most patients experience full recovery within 8 to 10 weeks post-surgery. [1] The procedure was created by, and named for, orthopedic surgeon Eugene Bishop Mumford in 1941. [2] [3]
One of the more important benchmarks in recovery is the twelve weeks post-surgery period. After this, the patient can typically begin a more aggressive regimen of exercises involving stress on the knee, and increasing resistance. Jogging may be incorporated as well. After four months, more intense activities such as running are possible without ...