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Fowler's A Dictionary of Modern English Usage provides an early example of the rule: "All signs of punctuation used with words in quotation marks must be placed according to the sense." [28] When dealing with words-as-words, short-form works and sentence fragments, this style places periods and commas outside the quotation marks:
(The full stop (period) is not part of the quotation.) The aesthetic style, which is only really now used in North America, [citation needed] was developed as early typesetters thought it was more aesthetically pleasing to present punctuation that way. In the aesthetic style, the punctuation goes within the quotation marks: For example:
Include terminal punctuation within the quotation marks only if it was present in the original material, and otherwise place it after the closing quotation mark. For the most part, this means treating periods and commas in the same way as question marks: keep them inside the quotation marks if they apply only to the quoted material and outside ...
Avoid comma splices. Picture captions should not end in a full stop (a period) unless they are complete sentences. Avoid using a hyphen after a standard -ly adverb (a newly available home). A hyphen is not a dash. Hyphens are used within words or to join words, but not in punctuating the parts of a sentence.
The practice in the United States and Canada is to place full stops and commas inside quotation marks in most styles. [41] In the British system, which is also called "logical quotation", [ 42 ] full stops and commas are placed according to grammatical sense: [ 41 ] [ 43 ] This means that when they are part of the quoted material, they should ...
(Again, the closing period is placed within quotation marks, no matter where it appeared in the quoted text.) Correct: Susan said, "Wait there," so they waited. (The comma after "there" is placed within the quotation marks, no matter where or whether it appeared in the original text.)
Avoid comma splices. Picture captions should not end in a full stop (a period) unless they are complete sentences. Avoid using a hyphen after a standard -ly adverb (a newly available home). A hyphen is not a dash. Hyphens are used within words or to join words, but not in punctuating the parts of a sentence.
Quotation marks [A] are punctuation marks used in pairs in various writing systems to identify direct speech, a quotation, or a phrase. The pair consists of an opening quotation mark and a closing quotation mark, which may or may not be the same glyph. [3] Quotation marks have a variety of forms in different languages and in different media.