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Barbituric acid, the parent structure of all barbiturates. Barbiturates [a] are a class of depressant drugs that are chemically derived from barbituric acid. [2] They are effective when used medically as anxiolytics, hypnotics, and anticonvulsants, but have physical and psychological addiction potential as well as overdose potential among other possible adverse effects.
Barbiturates are drugs that act as central nervous system (CNS) depressants, and by virtue of this they produce a wide spectrum of effects, from mild sedation to anesthesia. The following are classified as anticonvulsants: [31] Phenobarbital (1912). See also the related drug primidone. Methylphenobarbital (1935). Known as mephobarbital in the US.
Diberal, unlike most barbiturates, can have convulsant actions. This is uncommon, as barbiturates typically enhance the function of GABA as allorestic modulators and agonists (at higher doses), [2] therefore having anticonvulsant properties. Depending on which isomer is used, it can have either convulsant or anticonvulsant actions.
Methylphenobarbital (), also known as mephobarbital (USAN, JAN) and mephobarbitone (), marketed under brand names such as Mebaral, Mephyltaletten, Phemiton, and Prominal, is a drug which is a barbiturate derivative and is used primarily as an anticonvulsant, [2] but also as a sedative and anxiolytic.
Amobarbital, one of the chemical compounds that can be used as a truth serum. Sedatives or hypnotics that alter higher cognitive function include ethanol, scopolamine, 3-quinuclidinyl benzilate, potent short or intermediate acting hypnotic benzodiazepines such as midazolam, flunitrazepam, and various short and ultra-short acting barbiturates, including sodium thiopental (commonly known by the ...
Phenobarbital, also known as phenobarbitone or phenobarb, sold under the brand name Luminal among others, is a medication of the barbiturate type. [6] It is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the treatment of certain types of epilepsy in developing countries. [8]
Aim for 150 minutes per week (or about a half-hour five days a week). Include a combination of aerobic exercise (cardio), strength training and flexibility exercises for optimal results.
It came in the form of bullet-shaped capsules, half-reddish orange and half-turquoise blue. Like other barbiturate depressants, Tuinal promotes physical and psychological dependency beginning after one week of regular use and carries a high risk of overdose. [6] It was reported in the 1980s as one of the most common ways of self-poisoning. [7]