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Sarawak (/ s ə ˈ r ɑː w ɒ k / sə-RAH-wok, Malay:) is a state [18] [19] of Malaysia.The largest among the 13 states, with an area almost equal to that of Peninsular Malaysia, Sarawak is located in East Malaysia in northwest Borneo, and is bordered by the Malaysian state of Sabah to the northeast, Kalimantan (the Indonesian portion of Borneo) to the south, and Brunei in the north.
The Sultanate of Sarawak (Malay: كسلطانن ملايو سراوق دارالهنا , romanized: Kesultanan Sarawak) was a Malay kingdom, located in present-day Kuching Division, Sarawak. The kingdom was founded in 1599, [ 1 ] after the conquest of the preceding Santubong Kingdom and the later Sultanate of Brunei .
[33] [34] Sarawak was divided into five divisions, corresponding to territorial boundaries of the areas acquired by the Brookes through the years. Each division was headed by a Resident. [35] A barque named Rajah of Sarawak, in honour of James Brooke, operating between Swansea in the UK, Australia, and the East Indies from the late 1840s.
The name "Kuching" was already in use for the city by the time Brooke arrived in 1839. [9] [15] There are many theories as to the derivation of the name "Kuching".It was perhaps derived from the Malay word for cat, "kucing", or from Cochin, an Indian trading port on the Malabar Coast and a generic term in China and British India for trading harbour. [9]
The Raj of Sarawak, Kingdom of Sarawak or State of Sarawak, was a kingdom founded in 1841 in northwestern Borneo and was in a treaty of protection with the United Kingdom from 1888. It was formed from a series of land concessions acquired by the Englishman James Brooke from the Sultan of Brunei .
Bisaya is an indigenous people from the northwest coast of East Malaysia on the island of Borneo.Their population is concentrated around Beaufort as well as Kuala Penyu districts of southern Sabah (in which they are counted under the Kadazan-Dusun group of peoples), Labuan Federal Territory and in Limbang District, Sarawak (in which they are grouped under the Orang Ulu designation).
The Murut in Brunei and Sarawak (Southern Murut) is ethnically and linguistically different from Murut in Sabah (Northern Murut). In Sarawak, the confusing term "Murut" is hence replaced with the term "Lun Bawang", while this has not taken place in Brunei. [5] The Northern Murut is more commonly termed "Tagol" or "Tagal" in Brunei and Sarawak.
The Proto Malays have a more diverse origin and had settled in Malaysia by 1000 BC as a result of Austronesian expansion. [ 42 ] [ 43 ] Although they show some connections with other inhabitants of Maritime Southeast Asia , some also have ancestry in Indochina around the time of the Last Glacial Maximum , about 20,000 years ago.