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Dorsal consonants are consonants articulated with the back of the tongue (the dorsum). They include the palatal , velar and, in some cases, alveolo-palatal and uvular consonants. They contrast with coronal consonants , articulated with the flexible front of the tongue, and laryngeal consonants , articulated in the pharyngeal cavity .
That is, a consonant may be lateral alveolar, like English /l/ (the tongue contacts the alveolar ridge, but allows air to flow off to the side), or lateral palatal, like Castilian Spanish ll /ʎ/. Some Indigenous Australian languages contrast dental, alveolar, retroflex, and palatal laterals, and many Native American languages have lateral ...
In other words, laminal dental and postalveolar consonants are marked as [+dist], while apical alveolar and retroflex consonants are [−dist]. [ DORSAL] Dorsal sounds are articulated by raising the dorsum of the tongue. All vowels are dorsal sounds. Dorsal consonants include palatal, velar and uvular consonants.
voiceless palatal fricative [ç] voiced palatal fricative [ ʝ] voiceless velar fricative [x] voiced velar fricative [ɣ] voiceless uvular fricative [χ] voiceless pharyngeal fricative [ħ] voiceless epiglottal fricative [ʜ] voiceless palatal-velar fricative (not possible) [ɧ] Lateral fricatives. voiceless alveolar lateral fricative [ɬ]
The most common type of palatal consonant is the extremely common approximant [j], which ranks among the ten most common sounds in the world's languages. [1] The nasal [ɲ] is also common, occurring in around 35 percent of the world's languages, [2] in most of which its equivalent obstruent is not the stop [c], but the affricate [].
Dorsal consonants are those consonants made using the tongue body rather than the tip or blade. Palatal consonants are made using the tongue body against the hard palate on the roof of the mouth. They are frequently contrasted with velar or uvular consonants, though it is rare for a language to contrast all three simultaneously, with Jaqaru as ...
Dorsal consonants are those consonants made using the tongue body rather than the tip or blade and are typically produced at the palate, velum or uvula. Palatal consonants are made using the tongue body against the hard palate on the roof of the mouth.
For example, the English velar consonant /k/ is fronted before the vowel /iː/ (as in keep) compared to articulation of /k/ before other vowels (as in cool). This fronting is called palatalization . The relative position of a sound may be described as advanced ( fronted ), retracted ( backed ), raised , lowered , centralized , or mid-centralized .