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Generally speaking, the mayor and city departments comprise the executive branch of the city government, and the city council comprises the legislative branch. [3] However, the mayor does have some formal legislative functions such as being the presiding officer of the council and being able to break tie votes, and informally has dominated legislative activity since the late 19th century.
Municipal incorporation occurs when such municipalities become self-governing entities under the laws of the state or province in which they are located. Often, this event is marked by the award or declaration of a municipal charter. A city charter or town charter or municipal charter is a legal document establishing a municipality, such as a ...
Municipally owned corporations may also differ from local bureaucracies in funding, transaction costs, financial scrutiny, labour rights, permission to operate outside their jurisdiction, and, under some circumstances, in rights to make profits and risk of bankruptcy.
The Municipal Code of Chicago is the codification of Chicago's local ordinances of a general and permanent nature. [55] [56] Between May 18, 2011, and August 2011, the first 100 days of the first term of Mayor Rahm Emanuel, 2,845 ordinances and orders were introduced to the Council. [57]
The basic subdivisions of Illinois are the 102 counties. [2] Illinois has more units of local government than any other state—over 8,000 in all. [3] The Constitution of 1970 created, for the first time in Illinois, a type of "home rule", which allows localities to govern themselves to a certain extent. [4]
Please note that incorporated towns are distinct from townships, a more common form of local government in Illinois. Incorporated towns are municipalities that were created by a special act of the Illinois General Assembly , before the Illinois Municipal Code went into effect.
Illinois state law is promulgated under the Illinois State Constitution. The Illinois Compiled Statutes (ILCS) form the general statutory law. The case law of the Illinois Supreme Court and state appellate courts is currently published online under a public domain reporting system. Interpretations of law and conflicts among the various levels ...
During the 19th century, many municipalities were granted charters by the state governments and became technically municipal corporations. [15] Townships and county governments and city councils shared much of the responsibility for decision-making which varied from state to state. [15]