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The Latin letter S derives from sigma while the Cyrillic letter Es derives from a lunate form of this letter. History The shape (Σς) and alphabetic position of sigma is derived from the Phoenician letter ( shin ).
“Es” (Cyrillic: С) is related to the Latin letter “C” (C c), visuo-phono-semantically due to being a homoglyph and having similar roots, which C is a descendant of the Greek letter Gamma (Γ γ), and therefore С is related to the Latin C and Latin G.
A 'dotted lunate sigma' (σίγμα περιεστιγμένον) Ͼ was used by him as an editorial sign indicating that the line so-marked is at an incorrect position in the surrounding text; an antisigma, or 'reversed lunate sigma' Ͻ, may also mark an out of place line.
Besides the classical form with four strokes (), a three-stroke form resembling an angular Latin S was commonly found, and was particularly characteristic of some mainland Greek varieties, including the Attic and several "red" alphabets. Σ: classical Greek letter Sigma. Ϲ ϲ: Greek lunate sigma Ⲥ ⲥ : Coptic letter sima
The letter sigma, in standard orthography, has two variants: ς, used only at the ends of words, and σ, used elsewhere. The form ϲ ("lunate sigma", resembling a Latin c) is a medieval stylistic variant that can be used in both environments without the final/non-final distinction.
The Greek letter iota is represented by 'I', and the eta by 'H', while the Greek letter sigma is either in its lunate form, represented by 'C', or its final form, represented by 'S'. Because the Latin-alphabet letters I and J were not systematically distinguished until the 17th century, "JHS" and "JHC" are equivalent to "IHS" and "IHC".
Greek lunate Sigma Ϲ word/speech Т т: тврьдо: tvĕrdo t t [t] 300 Greek Tau Τ hard/surely Оу оу, Ꙋ ꙋ оукъ: ukо̆ u оу=u, ꙋ=ū [u] 400 Greek Omicron-Upsilon ΟΥ / Ꙋ learning The first form developed into the second, a vertical ligature. A less common alternative form was a digraph with izhitsa: Оѵ оѵ. Ф ф ...
Greek σιγμοειδής (sigmoeidḗs), crescent-shaped, lunate sigma-shaped sigmoid colon: sinistr(o)-left, left side Latin sinister: sinistrocardia: sinus-of or pertaining to the sinus Latin sinus, a curve, bend, hollow cavity, bosom sinusitis: sito-food, grain Greek σῖτος (sîtos) sitophobia: somat(o)-, somatico-body, bodily Greek ...