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The Abbasid Caliphate first centered its government in Kufa, modern-day Iraq, but in 762 the caliph al-Mansur founded the city of Baghdad, near the ancient Babylonian capital city of Babylon and Sassanid city of Ctesiphon. Baghdad became the center of science, culture, and invention in what became known as the Golden Age of Islam.
The Abbasid dynasty or Abbasids (Arabic: بنو العباس, romanized: Banu al-ʿAbbās) were an Arab dynasty that ruled the Abbasid Caliphate between 750 and 1258. They were from the Qurayshi Hashimid clan of Banu Abbas, descended from Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib .
Map of the fragmentation of the Abbasid Caliphate in the late 9th and 10th centuries. The rise and fall of the Tulunids occurred against a backdrop of increasing regionalism in the Muslim world. The Abbasid caliphate was struggling with political disturbances and losing its aura of universal legitimacy.
It maps and describes the major trade routes of the time within the Muslim world, and discusses distant trading regions such as Japan, Korea, and China. [1] It was written around 870 CE, during the reign of Al-Muʿtamid of the Abbasid Caliphate, while its author was Director of Posts and Police for the Abbasid province of Jibal in modern-day Iran.
Following his death in 632 CE, his immediate successors established the Rashidun Caliphate. [ citation needed ] After that Muslim dynasties rose; some of these dynasties established notable and prominent Muslim empires, such as the Umayyad Empire and later the Abbasid Empire , [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Ottoman Empire centered around Anatolia , the Safavid ...
The Rashidun caliphate ended with the First Fitna, which transferred authority to the Umayyad dynasty that presided over the Umayyad Caliphate, the largest caliphate and the last one to actively rule the entire Muslim world. [6] The Abbasid Revolution overthrew the Ummayads and instituted the Abbasid dynasty which ruled over the Abbasid ...
According to historian Angelika Hartmann, Al-Nasir was the last effective Abbasid caliph [19] of Later Abbasid Caliphate. His political and religious authority was recognized throughout Middle East especially in territory of Ayyubid dynasty of Saladin. 35 5 October 1225 – 11 July 1226 al-Ẓāhir bi-amri’llāh: Abu Nasr Muḥammad Al-Nasir ...
Abbasid Caliphate at its greatest extent, around 850. In 750, the Abbasids seized power from the Umayyad rulers of the Arab-Islamic empire. [3] The Abbasid caliphs based themselves in what is now Iraq and ruled over Iran, Mesopotamia, Arabia and the lands of the eastern and southern Mediterranean.