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  2. Bar (unit) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bar_(unit)

    [1] [2] By the barometric formula, 1 bar is roughly the atmospheric pressure on Earth at an altitude of 111 metres at 15 °C. The bar and the millibar were introduced by the Norwegian meteorologist Vilhelm Bjerknes, who was a founder of the modern practice of weather forecasting, with the bar defined as one mega dyne per square centimeter. [3]

  3. Torsion constant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torsion_constant

    The torsion constant or torsion coefficient is a geometrical property of a bar's cross-section. It is involved in the relationship between angle of twist and applied torque along the axis of the bar, for a homogeneous linear elastic bar. The torsion constant, together with material properties and length, describes a bar's torsional stiffness.

  4. Pascal (unit) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal_(unit)

    The units of atmospheric pressure commonly used in meteorology were formerly the bar (100,000 Pa), which is close to the average air pressure on Earth, and the millibar. Since the introduction of SI units , meteorologists generally measure atmospheric pressure in hectopascals (hPa), equal to 100 pascals or 1 millibar.

  5. Molar volume - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molar_volume

    Change in volume with increasing ethanol fraction. The molar volume of a substance i is defined as its molar mass divided by its density ρ i 0: , = For an ideal mixture containing N components, the molar volume of the mixture is the weighted sum of the molar volumes of its individual components.

  6. Formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formula

    A molecular formula enumerates the number of atoms to reflect those in the molecule, so that the molecular formula for glucose is C 6 H 12 O 6 rather than the glucose empirical formula, which is CH 2 O. Except for the very simple substances, molecular chemical formulas generally lack needed structural information, and might even be ambiguous in ...

  7. Torsion (mechanics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torsion_(mechanics)

    Torsion of a square section bar Example of torsion mechanics. In the field of solid mechanics, torsion is the twisting of an object due to an applied torque [1] [2].Torsion could be defined as strain [3] [4] or angular deformation [5], and is measured by the angle a chosen section is rotated from its equilibrium position [6].

  8. Four-bar linkage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four-bar_linkage

    In the study of mechanisms, a four-bar linkage, also called a four-bar, is the simplest closed-chain movable linkage. It consists of four bodies, called bars or links, connected in a loop by four joints. Generally, the joints are configured so the links move in parallel planes, and the assembly is called a planar four-bar linkage. Spherical and ...

  9. Linkage (mechanical) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linkage_(mechanical)

    Five bar linkages often have meshing gears for two of the links, creating a one DOF linkage. They can provide greater power transmission with more design flexibility than four-bar linkages. Jansen's linkage is an eight-bar leg mechanism that was invented by kinetic sculptor Theo Jansen. Klann linkage is a six-bar linkage that forms a leg mechanism;