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The name Phan Rang or in modern Cham Pan(da)rang is an indigenous Chamized form of the original Sanskrit Pāṇḍuraṅga (another epithet for the Hindu god Vithoba). [3] It first appeared on Cham inscriptions around the tenth century as Paṅrauṅ or Panrāṅ, [4] and after that, it has been Vietnamese transliterated into Phan Rang. [5]
Po Klong Garai Temple is a Hindu Cham religious complex located in the Cham principality of Panduranga, in what is now Phan Rang in southern Vietnam.It was built in honor of the legendary king Po Klaung Garai, who ruled Panduranga from 1151 to 1205, by the historic King Jaya Sinhavarman III, [1]: 217 [2]
Ninh Thuận, previously named Phan Rang, [5] is a coastal province in the southernmost part of the South Central Coast region, the Central of Vietnam. It borders Khánh Hòa to the north, Bình Thuận to the south, Lâm Đồng to the west and the South China Sea to the east.
Phan Rang Air Base (also called Thành Sơn Air Base) is a Vietnam People's Air Force (VPAF) (Khong Quan Nhan Dan Viet Nam) military airfield in Vietnam.It is located 5.2 miles (4.5 nmi; 8.4 km) north-northwest of Phan Rang – Tháp Chàm in Ninh Thuận Province.
It borders the provincial capital, Phan Rang–Tháp Chàm, as well as Bác Ái district. Most of the district is mountainous, especially in the eastern part along the coast. The highest point is Chúa mountain (núi Chúa) at the border to Thuận Bắc district. Núi Chúa National Park is also located in the district. [1]
Panduranga was located in the area of present-day Phan Rang–Tháp Chàm (Pan Rang) in Ninh Thuận and Bình Thuận province. The name Phan Rang originates from this principality. [158] Its successor, Principality of Thuận Thành, was the last of the Cham territories to be annexed by the Vietnamese.
Principality of Thuận Thành, commonly known to the Cham as Pänduranga or Prangdarang, [2] neologism Panduranga Champa, was the last Cham state that centered around the modern day city of Phan Rang in south-central Vietnam. Both Thuận Thành of Vietnamese perspectives and Panduranga were mutually used to refer to the last Cham polity.
The Cham-language title "Po" means sovereign, "klaung" means great and the name "Yăgrai" likely comes from "Yă" meaning "water" and "garai" meaning "dragon." Another possibility is the term "Yă" is that it is an Old Cham language term truncation of the word "yang" meaning lord or god .