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List of orders of magnitude for energy; Factor (joules) SI prefix Value Item 10 18: exa-(EJ) 9.4×10 18 J: Worldwide nuclear-powered electricity output in 2023. [199] [200] 10 19 1×10 19 J Thermal energy released by the 1991 Pinatubo eruption [201] 1.1×10 19 J Seismic energy released by the 1960 Valdivia Earthquake [201] 1.2×10 19 J
This is an extended version of the energy density table from the main Energy density page: Energy densities table ... Natural uranium (99.3% U-238, 0.7% U-235) ...
In terms of density, m = ρV, where ρ is the volumetric mass density, V is the volume occupied by the mass. This energy can be released by the processes of nuclear fission (~ 0.1%), nuclear fusion (~ 1%), or the annihilation of some or all of the matter in the volume V by matter– antimatter collisions (100%).
Uranium is a chemical element with the symbol U and atomic number 92. It is a silvery-grey metal in the actinide series of the periodic table. A uranium atom has 92 protons and 92 electrons, of which 6 are valence electrons. Uranium radioactively decays, usually by emitting an alpha particle.
Nuclear density is the density of the nucleus of an atom. For heavy nuclei, it is close to the nuclear saturation density n 0 = 0.15 ± 0.01 {\displaystyle n_{0}=0.15\pm 0.01} nucleons / fm 3 , which minimizes the energy density of an infinite nuclear matter . [ 1 ]
Uranium-235 (235 U or U-235) is an isotope of uranium making up about 0.72% of natural uranium.Unlike the predominant isotope uranium-238, it is fissile, i.e., it can sustain a nuclear chain reaction.
High-energy nuclear physics studies the behavior of nuclear matter in energy regimes typical of high-energy physics. The primary focus of this field is the study of heavy-ion collisions, as compared to lighter atoms in other particle accelerators .
Frisch and Peierls then considered the speed of a uranium fission chain reaction, exponential in nature, where "τ is the time required for the neutron density to multiply by a factor e." The available data was very approximate, but their central point – that a bomb was possible using fast (~2 MeV) neutrons – remains.