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SHA-2: A family of two similar hash functions, with different block sizes, known as SHA-256 and SHA-512. They differ in the word size; SHA-256 uses 32-bit words where SHA-512 uses 64-bit words. There are also truncated versions of each standard, known as SHA-224, SHA-384, SHA-512/224 and SHA-512/256. These were also designed by the NSA.
SHA-2 (Secure Hash Algorithm 2) is a set of cryptographic hash functions designed by the United States National Security Agency (NSA) and first published in 2001. [3] [4] They are built using the Merkle–Damgård construction, from a one-way compression function itself built using the Davies–Meyer structure from a specialized block cipher.
The following tables compare general and technical information for a number of cryptographic hash functions. See the individual functions' articles for further information.
A common use of one-way compression functions is in the Merkle–Damgård construction inside cryptographic hash functions. Most widely used hash functions, including MD5, SHA-1 (which is deprecated [2]) and SHA-2 use this construction. A hash function must be able to process an arbitrary-length message into a fixed-length output.
SHA-2 available in 224, 256, 384, and 512-bit variants; HMAC keyed hash; PBKDF2 Key derivation function (RFC 2898) Digital signature standards.
TLS 1.0 (deprecated) TLS 1.1 (deprecated) TLS 1.2 TLS 1.3 EV [n 3] [1] SHA-2 [2] ECDSA [3] BEAST [n 4] CRIME [n 5] POODLE (SSLv3) [n 6] RC4 [n 7] FREAK [4] [5] Logjam Google Chrome (Chrome for Android) [n 8] [n 9] 1–9 Windows (10+) macOS (11+) Linux Android (8.0+) iOS (16+) ChromeOS: Disabled by default Yes Yes No No No Yes (only desktop ...
This beat by far the birthday bound and ideal pre-image complexities, which are 2 3n/2 and 2 3n for the Zémor-Tillich hash function. As the attacks include a birthday search in a reduced set of size 2n, they indeed do not destroy the idea of provable security or invalidate the scheme but rather suggest that the initial parameters were too ...
SHA2 is designed to be extremely lightweight so it can run on lightweight devices (e.g. smart cards). [19] This means PBKDF2 is very weak for password storage, as commodity SHA-2 hashing hardware that can perform trillions of hashes per second is easily procured. [20] [21] scrypt: scrypt is weaker than bcrypt for memory requirements less than 4 MB.