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The Amu Darya (/ ˌ ɑː m uː ˈ d ɑːr j ə / AH-moo DAR-yə), [a] (Persian: آمو دریا) also shortened to Amu and historically known as the Oxus (/ ˈ ɒ k s ə s / OK-səss), [2] [b] is a major river in Central Asia, which flows through Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Afghanistan.
Identification between Oxus and the deity Zūn has been proposed. [13] However, based on a legend about the latter recorded by the Chinese pilgrim Xuanzang, in which he is described as a mountain deity who "arrived from afar", it has been alternatively suggested that he was an alternate name of Mithra rather than Oxus, as he is linked with Mount Harā in the Avesta.
The Bactria–Margiana Archaeological Complex (BMAC) is the modern archaeological designation for a particular Middle Bronze Age civilisation of southern Central Asia, also known as the Oxus Civilization.
Bactria (/ ˈ b æ k t r i ə /; Bactrian: βαχλο, Bakhlo), or Bactriana, was an ancient Iranian [1] civilization in Central Asia based in the area south of the Oxus River (modern Amu Darya) and north of the mountains of the Hindu Kush, an area within the north of modern Afghanistan.
The Indus Basin Irrigation System is the "largest contiguous irrigation system developed over the past 140 years" anywhere in the world. [49] This has reduced the flow of water and by 2018, the average annual flow of water below the Kotri barrage was 33 billion cubic metres (43 × 10 ^ 9 cu yd), [ 50 ] and annual amount of silt discharged was ...
Indus Valley Civilization. [59] Most Indus seals depict a single animal, without obvious narrative meaning. Several are more complex, with possible symbolic designs, as well as human or semi-human figures in action. A bull-man or bull-woman, equipped with hooves, a tail and large horns, can be seen fighting a fantastic horned beast.
A cave in the Himalayas revealed the most detailed explanation yet for the ancient civilization’s decline.
The Bactria–Margiana Archaeological Complex (BMAC), also known as the Oxus civilisation, was a Bronze Age civilisation in Central Asia, dated c. 2400 – c. 1600 BC, [31] located in present-day northern Afghanistan, eastern Turkmenistan, southern Uzbekistan and western Tajikistan, centred on the upper Amu Darya (Oxus River).