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A breed society, the American Jersey Cattle Club, was formed in 1868. In the USA, a distinction is sometimes made between the "American Jersey", which is comparatively coarse and large and has been selectively bred mainly for milk yield, and the original or "Island" type; [1]: 212 the latter may also be called "Miniature Jersey". [9] [10]
An American breeder, Richard Gradwohl, has developed eighteen different strains of miniature cattle. [3] Miniature Galloway, Hereford and Holstein have been bred. [2]: 245 [3] In the United States, small zebuine cattle deriving from stock imported from Brazil, the Dominican Republic and Sweden may be registered as "Miniature Zebu"; [2]: 245 Similar cattle are known as "Nadudana" in Australia. [14]
Cow with calf (standing behind her, parts of its body creating the illusion of supernumerary teats "on" the mother). The cattle are generally small, with weights in the range 360–550 kg (800–1200 lb) for bulls and 270–360 kg (600–800 lb) for cows; in the past there was a still smaller or dwarf type within the breed, known as the Guinea, which weighed about 230 kg (500 lb) or less.
Channel Island cattle is a collective name for the breeds of cattle developed in the Channel Islands located between England and France. The breeds which can be so described are the Jersey , the Guernsey and the Alderney .
Heifers should have correct leg structure and be strong in their pasterns. If a heifer struggles to walk as a young animal, it will likely become weaker as it ages. The third category is frame, which refers to the heifer’s overall stature. Heifers should have a correct rump shape, a straight top-line, and a natural uphill stance when walking.
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The Agerolese derives from cross-breeding of indigenous grey Podolica cattle with a variety of imported breeds including Friesian, Braunvieh and Jersey.The earliest such importation may have been by the Bourbon kings of Naples, who in the eighteenth century imported breeding stock of various breeds to improve the local grey cattle.