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Synthetic oxytocin, sold under the brand name Pitocin among others, is a medication made from the peptide oxytocin. [6] [7] As a medication, it is used to cause contraction of the uterus to start labor, increase the speed of labor, and to stop bleeding following delivery. [6]
Oxytocin is the most commonly used agent for labor induction. It is given intravenously since it is easily degraded by the body if given orally. While giving oxytocin, it is important to monitor the mother and the fetus, specifically the mother's uterine activity and the fetal heart rate.
The use of misoprostol has been extensively studied but normally in small, poorly defined studies. Only a very few countries have approved misoprostol for use in induction of labor. [citation needed] Intravenous (IV) administration of synthetic oxytocin preparations is used to artificially induce labor if it is deemed medically necessary. [1]
The hormone oxytocin has been identified as inducing uterine contractions, and labour in general. [9] Oxytocin is produced by the body naturally and since the 1950s has also been available in synthetic pharmaceutical form. [10] [11] In either form, oxytocin stimulates uterine contractions to accelerate the process of childbirth.
Labour was induced or stimulated after random allocation of the mothers to one of three oxytocics (prostaglandin E2 orally, oxytocin intravenously, or demoxytocin buccally).Using as models, the neurohypophyseal nonapeptide hormone oxytocin and its analogue deaminooxytocin, several directed routes to formation of sulfur-sulfur bridges have been developed and evaluated.
Prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2) is used to induce labor and should not be used in people that are contraindicated to give birth vaginally or spontaneous labor. [25] PGE 2 should not be used in people with allergies to prostaglandins or any components in the drugs formulations. [4] PGE 2 should be stopped before other oxytocic agents like oxytocin are ...
It is released in response to an increase in oxytocin levels in the uterus, and stimulates both luteolytic activity and the release of oxytocin. [6] Because PGF 2α is linked with an increase in uterine oxytocin levels, there is evidence that PGF 2α and oxytocin form a positive feedback loop to facilitate the degradation of the corpus luteum. [7]
The medicine is given in a rapid infusion and may cause hypotension. Oxytocin alone is the usually treatment of atony in the US. However, if bleeding is uncontrolled after administration of oxytocin, then a second uterotonic is given. [20] Carbetocin: A synthetic analog of oxytocin, works similarly to oxytocin but the half-life is much longer. [23]