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Differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) - A conditioning procedure in which an undesired response is decreased by placing it on extinction or, less commonly, providing contingent punishment, while simultaneously providing reinforcement contingent on a desirable response. An example would be a teacher attending to a student only ...
Behavioral momentum is a theory in quantitative analysis of behavior and is a behavioral metaphor based on physical momentum.It describes the general relation between resistance to change (persistence of behavior) and the rate of reinforcement obtained in a given situation.
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The method used is differential reinforcement of successive approximations. It was introduced by B. F. Skinner [1] with pigeons and extended to dogs, dolphins, humans and other species. In shaping, the form of an existing response is gradually changed across successive trials towards a desired target behavior by reinforcing exact segments of ...
Direct tuition (differential reinforcement): The first concept is represented through direct tuition, also known as differential reinforcement. Early in a child's development, parents are already encouraging gender-appropriate activities and discouraging cross-gender activities.
This approach allowed for the development of function-based interventions emphasizing reinforcement instead of punishment. Iwata was briefly involved in the evaluation of SIBIS, an approach to self-injurious behavior suppression that involved application of electric skin shock contingent on self-injury, but after being involved in a single ...
For this simple system, the Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman partial differential equation is (,) + {(,) (,) + (,)} =subject to the terminal condition (,) = (),As before, the unknown scalar function (,) in the above partial differential equation is the Bellman value function, which represents the cost incurred from starting in state at time and controlling the system optimally from then until time .
The differential outcomes effect (DOE) is a theory in behaviorism, a branch of psychology, that shows that a positive effect on accuracy occurs in discrimination learning between different stimuli when unique rewards are paired with each individual stimulus.