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  2. Geological history of Mars - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geological_history_of_Mars

    In 2006, researchers using data from the OMEGA Visible and Infrared Mineralogical Mapping Spectrometer on board the Mars Express orbiter proposed an alternative Martian timescale based on the predominant type of mineral alteration that occurred on Mars due to different styles of chemical weathering in the planet's past. They proposed dividing ...

  3. Geology of Mars - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geology_of_Mars

    Generalised geological map of Mars [1] Mars as seen by the Hubble Space Telescope. The geology of Mars is the scientific study of the surface, crust, and interior of the planet Mars. It emphasizes the composition, structure, history, and physical processes that shape the planet. It is analogous to the field of terrestrial geology.

  4. Tectonics of Mars - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tectonics_of_Mars

    Topographic map of Mars showing the highland-lowland boundary marked in yellow, and the Tharsis rise outlined in red (USGS, 2014).[1]Like the Earth, the crustal properties and structure of the surface of Mars are thought to have evolved through time; in other words, as on Earth, tectonic processes have shaped the planet.

  5. Terraforming - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terraforming

    An artist's conception shows a terraformed Mars in four stages of development.. Terraforming or terraformation ("Earth-shaping") is the hypothetical process of deliberately modifying the atmosphere, temperature, surface topography or ecology of a planet, moon, or other body to be similar to the environment of Earth to make it habitable for humans to live on.

  6. Marte Vallis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marte_Vallis

    Marte Vallis is a valley in the Amazonis quadrangle of Mars, located at 15 North and 176.5 West. It is 185 km long and was named for the Spanish word for "Mars". [ 2 ] It has been identified as an outflow channel , carved in the geological past by catastrophic release of water from aquifers beneath the Martian surface. [ 3 ]

  7. Areography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Areography

    Areography, also known as the geography of Mars, is a subfield of planetary science that entails the delineation and characterization of regions on Mars. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Areography is mainly focused on what is called physical geography on Earth; that is the distribution of physical features across Mars and their cartographic representations.

  8. Aeolis quadrangle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeolis_quadrangle

    Organic matter was from lacustrine mudstones at the base of the ~3.5-billion-year-old Murray formation at Pahrump Hills, by the Sample Analysis at Mars instrument suite. [163] With two full Martian years (five Earth years) of measurements, scientists found that the annual average concentration of methane in Mars' atmosphere is 0.41 ppb.

  9. Outflow channels - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outflow_channels

    This is a partial list of named channel structures on Mars claimed as outflow channels in the literature, largely following The Surface of Mars by Carr. The channels tend to cluster in certain regions on the Martian surface, often associated with volcanic provinces, and the list reflects this.