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Protein precipitation is widely used in downstream processing of biological products in order to concentrate proteins and purify them from various contaminants. For example, in the biotechnology industry protein precipitation is used to eliminate contaminants commonly contained in blood. [ 1 ]
Unwanted proteins can be removed from a protein solution mixture by salting out as long as the solubility of the protein in various concentrations of salt solution is known. After removing the precipitate by filtration or centrifugation , the desired protein can be precipitated by altering the salt concentration to the level at which the ...
Polyethylene glycols of various molecular weights and high-ionic strength salts such as ammonium sulfate and sodium citrate that induce protein precipitation when used in high concentrations are classified as precipitants, while certain other salts such as zinc sulfate or calcium sulfate that may cause a protein to precipitate vigorously even ...
During the ammonium sulfate precipitation step, hydrophobic groups present on the proteins are exposed to the atmosphere, attracting other hydrophobic groups; the result is formation of an aggregate of hydrophobic components. In this case, the protein precipitate will typically be visible to the naked eye. One advantage of this method is that ...
The "salting out" effect is commonly exploited in protein purification through the use of ammonium sulfate precipitation. [16] However, these salts also interact directly with proteins (which are charged and have strong dipole moments) and may even bind specifically (e.g., phosphate and sulfate binding to ribonuclease A).
Zinc sulfate is an inorganic compound with the formula ZnSO 4.It forms hydrates ZnSO 4 ·nH 2 O, where n can range from 0 to 7. All are colorless solids. The most common form includes water of crystallization as the heptahydrate, [4] with the formula Zn SO 4 ·7H 2 O.
Ammonium sulfate is the traditional kosmotropic salt for the salting out of protein from an aqueous solution. Kosmotropes are used to induce protein aggregation in pharmaceutical preparation and at various stages of protein extraction and purification. [7] [citation needed]
2 forms as a white precipitate. ... Zinc sulfate is a chemical in dyes and ... In proteins, zinc ions are often coordinated to the amino acid side chains of ...