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Although education for women in Pakistan is a right since 1976 there is still a sizable gender gap, specifically in higher education for women. From data collected in 2003-2004 enrollment of women in bachelor's degree programs was 43.5% as compared to their male counterparts who had an enrollment of 56.49%.
In March 2018, NCSW's chairperson participated in a launch of the Gender Equality in Public Administration in Pakistan Case Study carried out by UNDP and UN Women that analyzed women's representation and access to decision-making roles in the civil service, and presented recommendations to address barriers to gender equality in public ...
However, Pakistan still ranks low in terms of gender equality in the labor force globally. One factor that affects employment is marriage, as 60% of not working women are married while only 17% of not working men are married. [29] Thus, marital status also affects the gender gap in the workforce as more married women do not pursue a paying career.
The utilization of Gender Parity Index (GPI) by economists enables comprehensive monitoring and assessment of a nation's economic progress from a gender equality perspective. [3] It is believed by many economists that gender inequality results in economic consequences such as increased unemployment, decreased output, and vast income inequality. [8]
Many policies in Pakistan aim to achieve equality in education between girls and boys and to reduce the gender gap in the educational system. [140] However, the policy also encourages girls, mainly in rural areas of Pakistan, to acquire basic home management skills, which are preferred over full-scale primary education.
Throughout Pakistan's educational system, there is a gender disparity between males and females. In fact, according to the 2016 Global Gender Gap Report, Pakistan was ranked the second worst country in the world regarding gender inequality. [25] In Pakistan, gender discrimination in education occurs among the poorest households. [26]
Countries by Gender Inequality Index (Data from 2019, published in 2020). Red denotes more gender inequality, and green more equality. [1]The Gender Inequality Index (GII) is an index for the measurement of gender disparity that was introduced in the 2010 Human Development Report 20th anniversary edition by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
The Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM) is an index designed to measure gender equality.GEM is the United Nations Development Programme's attempt to measure the extent of gender inequality across the globe's countries, based on estimates of women's relative economic income, participation in high-paying positions with economic power, and access to professional and parliamentary positions.