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Watermarks are identification marks produced during the paper-making process. The first watermarks appeared in Italy during the 13th century, but their use rapidly spread across Europe. They were used as a means to identify the paper maker or the trade guild that manufactured the paper. The marks often were created by a wire sewn onto the paper ...
The dots are arranged in a unique pattern as identification of the particular print of a movie, and are added during manufacture. The marks are not present on the original film negative; they are produced either by physical imprint on the final film print or by digitally postprocessing a digitally distributed film.
Watermarks present an issue when archival videos are used for a documentary that strives to create a coherent story. In some cases, watermarks are blurred or digitally removed if possible to clean up the picture. In the absence of visually perceptible watermarks content control can be ensured with visually imperceptible digital watermarks. [2]
The Blu-ray Disc implementation of Cinavia is designed to cover two use-cases: the first is the provision of a Cinavia watermark on all movie theater soundtracks released via film distribution networks; the second use-case is for the provision of a Cinavia watermark on all Blu-ray Disc releases that points to the presence of an accompanying ...
Another type of watermark is called the cylinder mould watermark. It is a shaded watermark first used in 1848 that incorporates tonal depth and creates a greyscale image. Instead of using a wire covering for the dandy roll, the shaded watermark is created by areas of relief on the roll's own surface.
In 2014, a copy of The Secret Life of Walter Mitty appeared on file sharing networks, bearing the watermark "Ellen DeGeneres 11/26/13". [18] [19] 20th Century Fox sent the copy to her show around the time she interviewed actor and director Ben Stiller. It was not an Oscar screener, since the studio forensically watermarks those copies differently.
Audio watermark, techniques for embedding hidden information into audio signals; Watermark (data file), a method for ensuring data integrity which combines aspects of data hashing and digital watermarking; Watermark (data synchronization), directory synchronization related programming terminology; Watermarking attack, an attack on disk ...
Since watermarks must be inserted into the video, they only identify copies of the particular video made after that point in time. For example, if a watermark is inserted at broadcast it cannot be used to identify copies of the video made before the broadcast. Watermarks offer some advantages over fingerprinting.