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Owl standing on amphora, all surrounded by a wreath of olive leaves. Greek silver tetradrachm from Athens, c. 200 –150 BC. In Greek tradition, a hiketeria (ἱκετηρία) was an olive branch held by supplicants to show their status as such when approaching persons of power or in temples when supplicating the gods.
The olive tree and its oil were a major component in the Ancient Israelite society, and have been important to the Jewish people for millennia. [1] [2] Olives are often mentioned in Jewish religious texts and are generally seen as a symbol of peace, [3] [4] wisdom, [5] and vitality. [6]
The symbol has also been found in the Christian catacombs of Sousse, Tunisia (ancient Carthage), which date from the end of the first century AD. [27] [28] [29] The Christian symbolism of the olive branch, invariably carried by the dove, derives from Greek usage and the story of Noah in the Hebrew Bible. [30]
In Gaelic Scotland children were given the astringent sap of the tree as a medicine and as a protection against witch-craft. Some famous ash trees were the Tree of Uisnech, the Bough of Dathí, and the Tree of Tortu. The French poet who used Breton sources, Marie de France (late 12th century), wrote a lai about an ash tree.
Eight ancient olive trees growing in the Latin site of the garden may be 900 years old (see § Age of the olive trees). [ 15 ] In 1681, Croatian knights of the Holy Order of Jerusalem, Paul, Antun and James bought the Gethsemane Garden and donated it to the Franciscan community, which owns it to this day.
A long-lost tree species has new life after scientists planted a 1,000-year-old seed found in a cave in the Judean Desert in the 1980s during an archaeological dig.
In Christian iconography plants appear mainly as attributes on the pictures of Christ or the Virgin Mary. Christological plants are among others the vine, the columbine, the carnation and the flowering cross, which grows out of an acanthus plant surrounded by tendrils. Mariological symbols include the rose, lily, olive, cedar, cypress and palm ...
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