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Delirium (formerly acute confusional state, an ambiguous term that is now discouraged) [1] is a specific state of acute confusion attributable to the direct physiological consequence of a medical condition, effects of a psychoactive substance, or multiple causes, which usually develops over the course of hours to days.
Paraphrenia is often associated with a physical change in the brain, such as a tumor, stroke, ventricular enlargement, or neurodegenerative process. [4] Research that reviewed the relationship between organic brain lesions and the development of delusions suggested that "brain lesions which lead to subcortical dysfunction could produce delusions when elaborated by an intact cortex".
In more extreme cases features of psychosis, [44] with delusions of persecution or delusions of reference, [45] and pressure of speech may present themselves. Rarely, patients develop visual or auditory hallucinations or a frank psychosis, [ 4 ] and may appear schizophrenic , lose touch with reality and become delirious, [ 2 ] [ 39 ] Such ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 23 January 2025. Long-term brain disorders causing impaired memory, thinking and behavior This article is about the cognitive disorder. For other uses, see Dementia (disambiguation). "Senile" and "Demented" redirect here. For other uses, see Senile (disambiguation) and Demented (disambiguation). Medical ...
A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection that affects a part of the urinary tract. [1] Lower urinary tract infections may involve the bladder ( cystitis ) or urethra ( urethritis ) while upper urinary tract infections affect the kidney ( pyelonephritis ). [ 10 ]
A challenge in the treatment of delusional disorders is that most patients have limited insight, and do not acknowledge that there is a problem. [8] Most patients are treated as out-patients, although hospitalization may be required in some cases if there is a risk of harm to self or others. [8]