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There are targeted therapies for lung cancer, colorectal cancer, head and neck cancer, breast cancer, multiple myeloma, lymphoma, prostate cancer, melanoma and other cancers. [ 1 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] Biomarkers are usually required to aid the selection of patients who will likely respond to a given targeted therapy.
As a result, targeting the acidic microenvironment of tumors has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer therapy. One approach involves the use of creating drug delivery carriers that are sensitive to pH levels and have triggered drug release at the tumor site, thereby enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapy and other treatments.
Targeted therapy of lung cancer refers to using agents specifically designed to selectively target molecular pathways responsible for, or that substantially drive, the malignant phenotype of lung cancer cells, and as a consequence of this (relative) selectivity, cause fewer toxic effects on normal cells.
Cancer treatments are a wide range of treatments available for the many different types of cancer, with each cancer type needing its own specific treatment. [1] Treatments can include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormonal therapy, targeted therapy including small-molecule drugs or monoclonal antibodies, [2] and PARP inhibitors such as olaparib. [3]
Cryoablation is an experimental therapy available for women with small or early-stage breast cancer. The treatment freezes, then defrosts tumors using small needles so that only the harmful tissue is damaged and ultimately dies. [14] This technique may provide an alternative to more invasive surgeries, potentially limiting side effects. [15]
Imatinib, sold under the brand names Gleevec and Glivec (both marketed worldwide by Novartis) among others, is an oral targeted therapy medication used to treat cancer. [2] Imatinib is a small molecule inhibitor targeting multiple tyrosine kinases such as CSF1R, ABL, c-KIT, FLT3, and PDGFR-β.