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In cryptanalysis and computer security, password cracking is the process of guessing passwords [1] protecting a computer system.A common approach (brute-force attack) is to repeatedly try guesses for the password and to check them against an available cryptographic hash of the password. [2]
An evil twin is a fraudulent Wi-Fi access point that appears to be legitimate but is set up to eavesdrop on wireless communications. [1]This type of attack, also known as a man-in-the-middle attack, may be used to steal the passwords of unsuspecting users, either by monitoring their connections or by phishing, which involves setting up a fraudulent web site and luring people there.
A man-in-the-middle attacker entices computers to log into a computer which is set up as a soft AP (Access Point). Once this is done, the hacker connects to a real access point through another wireless card offering a steady flow of traffic through the transparent hacking computer to the real network. The hacker can then sniff the traffic.
Credential recycling is the hacking practice of re-using username and password combinations gathered in previous brute-force attacks. A special form of credential recycling is pass the hash , where unsalted hashed credentials are stolen and re-used without first being brute-forced.
[3] [1] These broadcasts are not encrypted and hence may be received by any WiFi access point in range. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] The KARMA attack consists in an access point receiving this list and then giving itself an SSID from the PNL, [ 3 ] [ 6 ] thus becoming an evil twin of an access point already trusted by the client.
When the client sends a clear-text password, the authentication server will receive it, and compare it to a "known good" password. Since the authentication server has received the password in clear-text, the format of the stored password can be chosen to be secure "at rest".